振荡水柱波能转换器消反射特性研究61482.docVIP

振荡水柱波能转换器消反射特性研究61482 　　摘要：基于势流理论，建立了振荡水柱（OWC）型波能转换器的二维数学模型。采用去奇异的边界积分方程法(DBIEM)模拟了完全非线性波。通过调整OWC腔室内振荡压强的幅值和相位，使OWC工作于消反射状态。研究了波能吸收效率与OWC腔室内振荡压强的幅值、相位的关系。数值计算的结果表明：消反射时，OWC的波能吸收效率比传统形式的OWC高很多。在消反射状态下，OWC腔室内振荡压强和通过透平气体流量的幅值增大且二者存在相位差，这与传统的OWC是不同的。最后提出了不同于传统形式的新型OWC波能转换器的设计思路。 　　关键词：波能转换器；振荡水柱；数值波浪水槽；消反射 　　中图分类号：P743.2 文献标识码：A 　　Anti-reflection Characteristics of Oscillating Water Column Wave Energy Device 　　LIU Chun-rong，GENG Nan 　　(College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering, Hunan Univ, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China) 　　Abstract: Based on the potential flow theory, a two-dimension mathematical model of oscillating water column (OWC) wave energy device was obtained. The fully nonlinear wave was simulated by desigularized boundary integral equation method (DBIEM). The anti-reflection was achieved by adjusting the amplitude and phase of the oscillating air pressure in the OWC’s chamber. The relationship of the wave energy absorption efficiency with the amplitude and phase of the oscillating air pressure in the OWC’s chamber was investigated. The numerical results show that the wave energy absorption efficiency of OWC at anti-reflection is much higher than that of the traditional OWC. Under the condition of anti-reflection, the amplitudes of the oscillating air pressure in the chamber and the flow through the turbine are much higher and the phase differences between two were observed, which differ from the traditional OWC. A novel design idea of the OWC wave energy device was also presented. 　　Key words: wave energy device; oscillating water column; numerical wave tank; anti-reflection 　　随着世界经济的发展，世界能源需求将进一步增加，而石油、煤炭等资源将加速减少。根据美国能源信息署2010年的报告，世界能源需求年均增长1.4%，到2030年的能源需求是1990年的两倍[1]。同时，煤、石油、天然气等传统资源还会导致严重的环境问题。数据显示，源自化石燃料的排放占全球温室气体排放量的三分之二，是迄今为止对气候变化影响最大的因素。因此，人们迫切的需要找到新的清洁能源。波能作为一种取之不竭的可再生清洁能源，以其具有能量密度高、分布面广等优点，受到越来越多的关注。目前，人们已提出了很多种波能发电装置，这些装置可以在文献[2]、[3]、[4]等中看到。 　　振荡水柱(OWC)型波能转换器是波能转换装置的一种，它具有维护简单，无水下活动部件等优点，受到人们的极大关注。该类型装置通过气室将波浪能转换为空气流的能量，再通过空气透平将气流能量转换