交通工程导论部分2（共计353）.pptx

Capacity of freeway multilane highwayConcept of level of service (服务水平）Defined as a quality measure describing operational conditions within a traffic stream, generally in terms of such service measures as speed and travel time, freedom to maneuver, traffic interruptions, and comfort and convenience.Level of Service at FreewaysLOS BLOS ALOS CLOS DLevel of Service at FreewaysLOS FLOS ELevel of Services (China)LOS ILOS IILOS IIILOS IVQuality-quantifying Measure of Effectiveness (效率量度 MOE) defined a parameter （参数）that describes traffic operations discernible (觉察） by motorists and their passengers. Three major MOEs speed or travel time; density; delayLevel of service for basic segment of freewayOther related conceptsV/C ratio (负荷度） defined as the ratio of current volume or projected demand to the capacityFree flow speed (自由流速度） defined as an average speed measured when flow is less than 1000 vehicles per hour per lane on freeways or miltilane highwaysFFS for freeways FFS for multilane highways (Tables 12.5 to 12.12 on pages 304-307 in the textbook are given for adjustment of each parameter)Types of roadway medianUndivided TWLTLDivided Fence MedianMaximum service flow rate (最大服务流率）defined as the capacity for the given level of service from A to E (see Table 12.3 on page 300 of textbook)Ideal conditions (理想条件） width of lane, lateral clearance (侧向净空）, number of lanes, percent of heavy vehicles, median type (中间分隔带）, frequency of interchange (立交间距) or access points (出入口数量） Service flow rate (服务流率） and service volume (服务流量） Chapter 6. Highway Capacity Analysis6.2 Two Types of AnalysisTwo types of analysis 1. Operational analysis:2. Design analysis:Adjustment factor for heavy vehicles Adjustment factor for driver’s population refers to those unfamiliar driver (nonlocal)Steps for operational analysisstep one determine FFSstep two determine demand flow ratestep three – find level of serviceexamples: 12-4, 12-5 Steps for design analysisstep one determine FFSstep two d