浅谈水电站进水口排沙底孔选型设计.docVIP

浅谈水电站进水口排沙底孔选型设计 　　【摘 要】在多沙河流上,无论是高坝大库的高水头电站,还是低水头河床式枢纽,电站进水口的取水排沙历来是水电工作者十分关注的问题。笔者在对电站进水口排沙底孔的模型试验研究中认识到,要提高排沙底孔的输沙率,必须“束水攻沙”。本文介绍了2个电站进水口排沙底孔的泥沙模型试验情况,提出了一种新的“格栅式排沙廊道+排沙底孔”的组合型式(简称格栅式排沙底孔),取得了理想的排沙效果,实现了电站进水口的“门前清”,较好地解决了工程实际问题。格栅式排沙底孔对其他同类型工程具有一定的借鉴作用。 　　【关键词】 电站进水口;格栅式排沙廊道;排沙底孔?? 　　 　　Shallow talk a water electricity station into water row the sand bottom choose of bore type design 　　Liu Xiao-jian 　　(Xinjiang Yili water conservancy electric power survey design researchinstitute Yining Xinjiang 835000) 　　【Abstract】At many sand river up, regardless is Gao Shui3 Tou2 of Gao Ba4 Da4s database electricity station, be still low water head river bed type vital point, electricity station enter water of take water row sand to in times gone by be water electricity worker very concern of problem.The writer is in the rightness the electricity the station enter water the row the sand bottom the model of the bore experiment the research understanding arrive, exaltation row the sand bottom lose of bore sand rate, have to“bunch water offend a sand”.This text introduction 2 electricity station enter water row sand bottom the sediment model of the bore experiment circumstance, put forward a kind of new of“space grid type row sand gallery+ row sand bottom bore” of combination pattern(brief name space grid type row sand bottom bore), obtain ideal of row sand effect, realization electricity station enter water of“pure before the door”, more and so solved engineering actual problem.The space grid type row sand bottom bore as to its he the same kind type engineering have certain of draw lessons from a function. 　　【Key words】Electricity station enter water;The space grid type row sand gallery;The row sand bottom bore?? 　　 　　1. 概述 　　 　　在多沙河流上,无论是高坝大库的高水头电站,还是低水头河床式枢纽,电站进水口的取水排沙历来是水电工作者十分关注的问题。众所周知,泥沙磨损对水轮机造成的破坏作用是非常严重的。为了减少粗沙(推移质、跃移质)过机,工程实践中已经积累了丰富的经验,不同类型的工程措施被成功地利用。主要措施有:(1)利用泥沙垂线分布上细下粗的特点,引取表层水流,底层含沙水流通过排沙底孔或利用导沙坎引向冲刷闸排出库外;(2)利用弯道环流的水流特点,正面引水,侧面排沙;(3)利用排沙廊道、截沙槽或沉沙池,通过人