温度对鲤鱼口服免疫后免疫应答影响.docVIP

温度对鲤鱼口服免疫后免疫应答影响 　　摘要:为研究温度对鲤鱼(Cyprinus carpio)口服免疫后免疫应答规律的影响,试验设定了两个温度梯度,并测定了各温度梯度下鲤鱼口服免疫迟缓爱德华氏菌(Edwardsiella tarda)药饵后,鱼体内血清抗体效价、血清γ球蛋白含量和血清γ球蛋白百分比、血液嗜中性粒细胞吞噬活性、溶菌酶活性和超氧化物歧化酶的活性的变化。结果表明:25 ℃低温组抗体效价自第28 天显著高于30 ℃高温组,低温组γ球蛋白含量第14 天高于高温组,在56 d有极显著差异。温度能显著影响鲤鱼嗜中性粒细胞的吞噬、溶菌酶和SOD活性,低温组除嗜中性粒细胞的吞噬活性显著低于高温组外,溶菌酶和SOD的活性均显著高于高温组。 　　关键词:温度;鲤鱼;免疫指标;口服免疫 　　中图分类号:S965.116文献标识码:A DOI编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2010.05.014 　　 　　Effect of Temperature on Immunization Response of Common Carp with Oral Immunization 　　LIU Yu-lan, XING Ke-zhi, DONG Shao-jie, YANG Guang 　　(Department of Fishery Science ,Tianjin Agricultural College,Key Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Aquaculture of Tianjin, Tianjin 300384, China) 　　Abstract:Antibody titer, γ globulin percent, γ globulin content, phagocytic activity of neutrophil and activities of LSZ and SOD in the serum of common carp under two kinds of temperature were determined to study effective of temperature on immunization response of common carp with oral immunization. The results showed that the antibody titer of low temperature group was obviously higher than high temperature group from 28 day. γ globulin content of low temperature group was higher than high temperature group and up to obvious level at 56 day. The temperature could affect significantly phagocytic activity of neutrophil and activities of LSZ and SOD. Phagocytic activity of low temperature group was lower than that of high temperature, however, activities of LSZ and SOD at the lower temperature were higher obviously than that at higher temperature. 　　Key words: temperature; common carp; immunization response; oral immunization 　　 　　在鱼类的疾病防治中,免疫学方法是被普遍推崇的手段之一,但多数疾病的免疫防治效果尚不令人满意[1]。影响鱼类免疫应答的因素较多:抗原接种方法是重要的影响因子之一,注射免疫效果明显,但有众多弊端,口服免疫方便、安全的优势被人们认可[2],但抗原在动物消化系统的降解及免疫系统的呈递会一定程度上影响免疫应答反应;此外,环境温度也是极为重要的影响因子,在临界温度之上,体液免疫随温度的增加而增加,低于临界温度,体液免疫受抑制或者反应很低。Newma[3]的研究发现,虹鳟的免疫球蛋白M(IgM)属于温度依赖型,在一定程度上佐证了鱼类体液免疫受温度影响的特点。非特异性免疫指标可能与特异性免疫相反,在低温环境下,非特异性防御发挥重要的作用,从而弥补特异性免疫应答的不足[4]。 　　为了探