壁面粗糙度对临界流音速喷嘴流动特性的影响-控制科学与工程专业论文.docxVIP

ABSTRACT Sonic nozzle, also known as the critical Venturi nozzle, can be used for direct measurement of gas flow and transfer standard of other measurement devices. Due to the simple structure, easy maintenance, stable flow character and wide working range, it is widely used in numerous fields including petrochemical industry, aerospace, energy conservation and environment protection. With the further research of sonic nozzle in various national institutes of metrology, to improve the accuracy of the measurement, the research of discharge coefficient as an important parameter of sonic nozzle are deepening. Due to the advantage of sonic nozzle on small flow, the research of discharge coefficient is quite active. Meanwhile, sonic nozzle is increasingly applied under ultrahigh pressure conditions. Thus, the throat Reynolds number can exceed 107, the influence of wall roughness on d ischarge coefficient should be studied systematically. According to the request of surface roughness to sonic nozzles by ISO 9300, sonic nozzles can be divided into ‘normally machined’ and ‘accurately machined’ and the corresponding the discharge coefficient equations are given. However, ISO 9300 does not refers to the influence of wall roughness on the discharge coefficient, and the two equations intersects with each other at low Reynolds number. Up to now, the research of wall roughness on the discharge coefficient of sonic nozzle is almost a gap, with the further research of sonic nozzle, the influence of roughness should be studied systematically. Thus, in this paper, sonic nozzle models with throat diameter ranging from 0.5 mm to 100 mm are built. Standard k-epsilon model and unequilibrium wall functions are used to resolve the core turbulence area and near-wall region respectively. The validity of the models are confirmed by experiments and ISO equations. The influence of roughness on nozzle flow field is analyzed from the velocity distribution, density distribution of the near wall