变截面环形三维机织复合材料细观结构与力学性能研究-工程力学专业论文.docxVIP

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 变截面环形三维机织复合材料细观结构与力学性能研究 i ii 摘 要 变截面环形三维机织复合材料是一种在三维机织复合材料基础上发展起来的新型复合材 料，采用传统的机织工艺与设备加以拓展而制得的，具有较强的可设计性和仿形能力。变截面 环形复合材料采用逐渐增加经纱的织造方式使其具有较好的结构完整性和整体性能稳定性。本 文对变截面环形复合材料的典型结构件之一三维机织圆台复合材料的力学性能从理论模型、数 值模拟和实验三个方面进行了较为全面的研究，得到了一些有益的结论。 根据变截面环形复合材料的加纱方法，采用椭圆形截面假设建立了一种新的三维机织圆台 细观结构几何模型，详细研究了由于截面改变和加纱而引起的经纱沿环向的倾斜问题，并在此 基础上确定三维机织圆台复合材料纱线变化区域的细观结构和单元体模型。采用体积平均化法 分别对加纱区和非加纱区单元体的弹性常数进行了预测。 运用ABAQUS软件对三维机织圆台复合材料从局部到整体进行了力学性能的分析。采用有 限元法分别对三维机织圆台加纱区和非加纱区的弹性常数进行了预测，同时通过用户材料子程 序实现了单元体的刚度折减，并且模拟了在压缩载荷下的损伤演变。建立了三维机织圆台整体 有限元模型，进行了压缩载荷下的应力和变形分析。 采用RTM设备研究了三维机织圆台成型工艺，运用PAM-RTM软件对其注射过程中的树脂 流动进行了模拟，验证了RTM成型模具设计的合理性和成型工艺的可行性。进行了三维机织圆 台的轴向压缩实验，通过实验值和理论预测值的对比，证明了力学模型的正确性。 关键词：三维机织，圆台复合材料，加纱，力学性能，RTM 成型  ABSTRACT Variable Cross-Section annular 3D woven composite is a new composite material which developed on the basis of three-dimensional woven composite materials, which is produced by the traditional weaving techniques and equipment to expand the system, and it has good design ability and strong profiling capability. Variable Cross-Section annular 3D woven composite has good structural integrity and stability of the overall performance because of weaving method with increasing warp. The paper studied on the mechanical properties of a typical composite structure through three aspects of theoretical model, numerical simulation, experiments, and got some useful conclusions. Based on the variable circular cross-section of composite material of adding yarn and oval cross-section assumption fiber bundles, a new three-dimensional structure of woven geometric model of micro round table was established. The paper made a detailed study on the volume fraction change of three dimensional woven composites of truncated cone along the height and thickness caused by section changing and adding yarn, on this basis to determine varying-yarn zone of 3D woven composites of truncated cone micro structure, using the volume averaging method to predict the elastic constants of adding yarn district a