藻类叶绿素a叶绿素b型捕光蛋白复合体结构与功能研究进展.docVIP

藻类叶绿素a叶绿素b型捕光蛋白复合体结构与功能研究进展 　　摘 要：藻类的Chl a/Chl b型捕光蛋白复合体，结合叶绿素a和叶绿素b，主要存在于绿藻、裸藻、轮藻和黄藻中，具有3个α-螺旋的跨膜区，其中第一、第三螺旋的氨基酸序列在植物界中高度保守，是叶绿素a的结合位点；第二个跨膜区的保守的氨基酸序列则为叶绿素b的结合位点。LHC在捕获和传递光能，光保护和过剩能量耗散，调节光能在两个光系统中的分配，维持类囊体膜的结构等方面起着重要的作用。虽然对高等植物的LHC的研究日渐深入，但对藻类捕光色素蛋白复合体的认识远不及高等植物。本文通过比较藻类Chl a/Chl b型的LHC与高等植物LHC结构和功能的异同点，可为进一步加深对藻类LHC结构和功能的理解奠定基础。 　　关键词：光合系统；捕光蛋白复合体；光合作用 　　中图分类号：Q244 文献标识码：A DOI 编码：10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.02.006 　　Research Progress of the Chl a/Chl b Type Light-harvesting Complex Protein in Algae 　　XU Ran， HOU Hesheng ，TONG Shaoming 　　（Key Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology of Liaoning Province， School of Life Science， Liaoning Normal University， Dalian， Liaoning 116081，China） 　　Abstract ：Chlorophyll a/chlorophyll blight-harvesting complex （LHC） which can bind two kinds of pigments including chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b mainly exists in the green algae， euglenophyta， charophyta and xanthophyta. It has three α-helixes， which the first and the third helix are highly conserved at the amino acids sequence in the plant kingdom. The first and the third helix contain the binding sites of chlorophyll a， while the second helixes contains the binding sites of chlorophyll b. LHC is the most important apparatus to absorb solar energy and also plays an important role in photoprotection， heat dissipation and in proper energy distribution between the two photosystems. Additionally， LHC plays very important roles in maintaining the thylakoid structure in grana. Although the study about LHC is comprehensive and in-depth， understanding of the structure and function of LHC of the algae is still less than higher plants. The similarities and differences of the structure and function of LHC between various algae and higher plants have been found， but the structure and function of LHC of algae need to be further investigated. 　　Key words：photosynthetic system； light-harvesting complex； photosynthesis 　　藻类主要生活在海洋、湖泊与河流中，在水生生态系统中发挥着初级生产者的重要作用，共有约2 100属，27 000种，可分为绿藻门、裸藻门、轮