北太平洋无风带位置的变化及其对enso的响应-物理海洋专业论文.docxVIP

II II 北太平洋无风带位置的变化及其对 ENSO 的响应 摘 要 利用 1991.8-2009.8 的卫星散射计风场资料研究了北太平洋副热带无风带 纬度位置（ZPSCB）的变化特征，发现其纬度位置变化包含明显的年周期变化 和大约 2-7 年的低频变化分量。北太平洋的中部和东部（180°E-140°W）副热带 无风带纬度位置的线性趋势分量在近 18 年内大约向北移动了 2 度；然而，西部 （150°E-160°E）区域的无风带位置无明显变化。北太平洋副热带无风带的纬度 位置受太阳直射的影响有明显的季节性变化，夏季偏北，冬季偏南，年变化大约 为 3.5 个纬度。北太平洋副热带无风带纬度位置 ZPSCB 的年际分量具有大约 2.5 年的平均周期和 2 个纬度的变化幅度。ZPSCB 与 SOI（Southern Oscillation Index）的年际分量之间存在很强的正相关，与赤道太平洋异常西风（AWW）的 年际分量之间存在明显的负相关，这表明北太平洋副热带无风带位置的年际变化 与厄尔尼诺和南方涛动（ENSO）循环密切相关。一个探讨性的解释是：厄尔尼 诺发生时，西太平洋暖池的海面降温，海水的蒸发减少，因而有此地上升的局地 Hadley 环流携带的潜热减少，导致转化的动能减少；西太平洋暖池区的 Hadley 环流在地转效应下，北向运动的同时向东偏转，最终下沉形成北太平洋副热带无 风带。Hadley 环流携带的潜热减少，导致路径缩短，其下沉支（位于无风带） 和北太平洋副热带无风带位置发生南移。拉尼娜发生时，伴随的现象相反。 关键词：北太平洋，副热带无风带，ENSO，西太平洋暖池，Hadley环流 LOCATION VARIATION OF NORTHERN PACIFIC CALM BELT AND ITS RESPONSE TO ENSO IN INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY Abstract: Based on the scatterometer wind data from 1999.8 to 2009.8, we find that the Zonal Position of Subtropical Calm Belt (ZPSCB) in North Pacific has not only obvious seasonal change, but also significanl inter-annual variability with periods of 2-7 years and amplitudes of about 2 latitudes. The calm belts in middle and eastern Pacific have moved northward 2 degrees of latitude totally during 18 years, but the belt in west Pacific has nearly no movement of linear trend. On annual scale, the calm belt moves northward in summer and southward in winter; and there are more high pressure centers on this belt in summer than in winter. We also found that the location variation of subtropical clam belt has a positive correlation with SOI and a negative correlation with the tropical westerlies in the interannual scale, which indicates that the calm belt responds well to ENSO. On this basis, a possible mechanism has been proposed as follows: The Hadley cell going up from the tropical western Pacific moves northeastward under the geostrophic effect and eventually sinks in the subtropical areas. During El Ni?o, the tropical westerlies enhances, leading to a lower sea surfa