电子器件引线矫正系统关键技术研究-机械电子工程专业论文.docxVIP

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 近些年来电子装配工艺逐渐向自动化的方向发展，比如自动化的电子插装设备，电子点胶 设备的开发和应用。电子元器件插装点胶完成以后，往往要装配有孔的盖板类零件，要求引线 端点从零件孔中穿过，这对引线的端点的位置精度提出了较高的要求，所以在电子引线插装完 成以后，需要进行引线端点的矫正。目前这道工序还大都通过人工实现。人工矫正效率很低， 对工人的经验要求较高，并且由于引线微小，长期工作对工人的视力损伤很大，因此，本文结 合引线矫正要求的特殊性，研究开发了一套适用于专用引线矫正机器人的应用软件。 本文把引线端点的矫正简化为悬臂梁的弯曲校直的问题，深入研究校直理论，确定适合本 系统的行程控制矫正方式。以弹塑性理论为基础，研究引线受集中力发生弯曲和卸载回弹的过 程中挠度的变化，建立了引线矫正行程和初始挠度之间的关系模型，并应用到引线矫正系统软 件当中去。 由于引线矫正的精度要求较高，而且引线在插装点胶的过程中可能会存在倾斜或偏移误差， 单纯依靠校直理论计算的矫正行程很难达到实际应用的要求，鉴于人工智能技术解决非线性问 题的出色表现，本文采用模糊控制技术实现矫正行程的计算，并通过仿真验证了此方法的可行 性。 最后，根据矫正工艺过程和系统要求，结合数据库技术开发了引线矫正系统软件。系统采 用多步矫正的方法，实现弯曲量的实时检测、矫正行程计算和实施矫正。矫正行程的计算采用 数据库匹配、理论计算、模糊计算相结合的方法实现，并能实现数据库的充实更新，使得系统 具有一定的自动优化能力。 关键词：引线，自动矫正，校直理论，矫正行程，模糊控制 i 电子器件引线矫正系统关键技术研究 ABSTRACT With the rapid development of automation of electronic assembly process in recent years, technologies such as automated component inserting and electronic dispensing have been developed. Lead wires that finished inserting and dispensing are often assembled with multi-holes cover board parts. Higher requirement for the positional precision of the endpoint of lead wires is put forward so as to easily assembling. Therefore, there is a necessary process which is the correction of endpoint position of lead wires between dispensing and assembling. However, currently the correction is carried out by manual operation. Since there are many disadvantages of artificial correction, such as the poor efficiency, high experience requirement[0], and big harm to people’s eyesight caused by the minute wires, with a view to the particular requirements of the lead wire straightening, a set of application software is designed for lead wire correcting robot in this paper. In this thesis correction of endpoint position of lead wires is simplified to be straightening of curved cantilever beam bending. Stroke controlled straightening mode was determined for the system after studying the classical straightening theory. Through the research on the changes of deflection of lead wire corre