超声波法优化沙棘果实多糖及结构初步研究.docVIP

超声波法优化沙棘果实多糖及结构初步研究 　　摘要：以沙棘作为材料，通过超声波提取法对沙棘多糖进行提取，以获得沙棘多糖的最佳提取工艺。试验通过超声波功率、超声时间、料液比等3个因素对沙棘多糖的提取工艺进行优化。采用单因素试验及三因素三水平的正交试验，得到超声波法提取沙棘多糖的适宜提取条件为超声功率480 W，超声时间55 min，料液比1∶20，在此条件下，沙棘多糖的提取量为48.63±0.59 mg/g。同时，比较了Sevag 法、木瓜蛋白酶法、木瓜蛋白酶与Sevag法联用这3种方法的脱蛋白效果。综合脱色率和多糖回收率，木瓜蛋白酶与Sevag法联用效果最佳，其蛋白清除率达到88.17%±0.43%，多糖含量为48.56±0.39 mg/g。因此，选取木瓜蛋白酶与Sevag法联用作为沙棘多糖较佳的除蛋白质的方法。然后再通过DEAE -纤维素过柱分级得到2个级分，将主要级分进行SepharoseCL-4B凝胶柱层析，富集到均一组分HRL-3，其分子量为1.32×105 U，纯度为90.53%±0.47%。红光谱的分析结果显示，HRL-3具有多糖的特征吸收峰，同时具有α -糖苷键和吡喃糖环。 　　关键词：沙棘；多糖；超声波；分子量；单糖组成 　　中图分类号：TQ461 文献标志码：A doi：10.16693/j.cnki.1671-9646（X）.2018.03.005 　　文章编号：1671-9646（2018）03a-0013-04 　　Abstract：Polysaccharides was extracted by ultrasonic power from Hippohpae rhamoides. The effect factors，including ultrasonic power，ultrasonic time，solid-liquid ratio were studied for the optimum extraction technology. The Hippohpae rhamoides polysaccharides was extracted by orthogonal tests L9（34） on the basis of single factor. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows：ultrasonic power 480 W，ultrasonic time 55 min，solid liquid ratio 1∶20，under this condition，the extraction amount was 48.63±0.59 mg/g. At the same time，during the removing protein process，Sevage met hod，papain met hod and Sevage method with papain method together had been compared. The Sevage method with papain method together was better than others，its removal rate of protein was 88.17%±0.43%，and t he recovery rate of polysaccharide was 48.56±0.39 mg/g. The fractions were then fractionated by DEAE-cellulose columning. The main fractions were subjected by Sepharose CL-4B gel column chromatography to a homogeneous fraction. HLR-3 molecular weight was 1.32×105 U. Its purity was 90.53%±0.47%. Characteristic absorption peaks of HRL-3 were shown in IR spectrum and HRL-3 might have α-pyranose and pyranring. 　　Key words：Hippohpae rhamoides；polysaccharides；ultrasonic；molecular weight；monosaccharide 　　沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides L.），俗称醋柳、黑刺、酸刺，胡颓子科沙棘属的灌木或小乔木 [1]。 其成熟果实为橙黄色的小浆果，近球形，味