muscle(肌肉.ppt

Chapter 6Muscle tissue Introduction Composition: Muscle tissue: mainly muscle cell + little CT, Bv., Lv., n. Muscle fiber-contract, CT-support, B.v., L.v., n. Muscle cell = muscle fiber, cytoplasm = sarcoplasm(肌浆） cell membrane = sarcolemma(肌膜) smooth endoplasmic reticulum = sarcoplasmic reticulum (肌浆网) Function: Contract – movement / change organs shape. 3 types: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, smooth muscle. Skeletal muscle cardiac muscle: striated muscle Skeletal muscle: voluntary muscle (随意肌） Cardiac muscle smooth muscle: involuntary muscle （不随意肌） Skeletal muscle（骨骼肌） Skeletal muscle - tendon – bone Body and limbs Epimysium(肌外膜):dense CT- whole muscle, contain b.v. n. Perimysium（肌束膜):branches of CT, b.v., n. of epimysium-muscle bundles in one muscle. Endomysium（肌内膜):reticular fibers-each muscle fiber, contain abundant b.v. n. Function: support, connect, nourish, protect synthesize. LM structure of skeletal muscle 骨骼肌纤维的光镜结构 Thin, long, column, D:10-100μm, L:1-1000mm; Multinuclear, light, flat-ovoid nucleus under sarcolemma; Abundant myofibrills in sarcoplasm of muscle fiber; Myofibril(肌原纤维):thin, D: 1-2μm, parallel with longitudinal axis of muscle fiber, light dark band-cross striation (周期性横纹),so muscle fiber also show periodic light dark bands. Myoglobin (肌红蛋白）, Mit. glycogen, lipid → supple energy for muscle contracting. Muscle satellite cell →muscle fiber Light dark band: light band-I band, Z line/membrane (middle); dark band-A band, H band (middle), M line/membrane (middle). Sarcomere（肌节): a piece of myofibril between two adjacent Z lines; 1/2 I band + A band + 1/2 I band; structural functional unit, also shortest contract unit of muscle fiber. Ultrastructure of skeletal muscle骨骼肌纤维的超微结构 Myofibril (肌原纤维) Characteristics: thick myofilament (粗肌丝) + thin myofilament (细肌丝)，parallel with longitudinal axis of muscle fiber, regular arrangement → I band and A band. Thick ~: middle of sarcomere, lie in A band, fix to M membrane,