橡胶沥青的制备技术及制备设备--毕业论文设计.doc

摘 要 汽车工业的发展使废旧轮胎成了全世界关注的问题，橡胶沥青的研究正是解决废旧轮胎问题的关键，因此对橡胶沥青的研究十分重要。 本文以试验为基础，根据大量试验数据分析了橡胶沥青的性能及影响因素、作用机理，并对橡胶沥青的制备工艺以及制备设备的构造和改进进行了研究。 经过分析研究，得到了以下结论：（1）橡胶粉的掺入改善了沥青的高温性能、低温性能、抗老化性能和弹性恢复性能；（2）橡胶沥青的影响因素与加工工艺和材料因素有关，搅拌时间过长则性能下降；胶粉粒径大的橡胶沥青温度稳定性、高温及弹性性能优异，低温性能与胶粉粒径小橡胶沥青相当；斜交胎胶粉的橡胶沥青性能明显好于子午胎胶粉；基质沥青轻组分含量高的橡胶沥青，其温度稳定性差、低温性能好；(3)橡胶沥青的作用机理是胶粉吸收沥青轻组分发生溶胀，表面形成界面层和界面过渡层，胶团填充于胶粉的网络结构，形成三维空间网络结构，从而产生对沥青性能的改善；（4）橡胶沥青的基本工艺过程包括原材料的准备、沥青和橡胶粉的预混合以及沥青反应三个过程，反应的温度控制在180℃—210℃；（5）橡胶沥青的制备设备基本构造相同，但结构上上也有差异，因此制备过程存在差异。 关键词：沥青；废胎胶粉；橡胶粉改性沥青；改性机理；制备工艺；制备设备 ABSTRACT The car industry caused waste tire become concern, and rubber asphalt research is the only one key to solve the problem , so for rubber asphalt research is very important. This paper is based on the test, the test of experiment data analyzed rubber asphalt performance and the impact of factors, mechanisms and for rubber asphalt preparation process and the preparation of the structure and improve the study. Through analysis，the main conclusions are as follows：(1) Rubber powder into the asphalt with the improvement of the high performance, a low temperature performance, the ageing of the performance and flexibility will be resumed ；(2)The factors that influence the performance of crumb rubber modified asphalt are summed up to two types：one for factors of the processing technology(mixing temperature，mixing time)，and the other for factors of the materials(powder type，particle size and the types of base asphalt),if mixing time is too long, the performance is degradate；Asphalt modified by crumb rubber of large size has better temperature sensitivity,high temperature and elastic performance，which has nearly equal effect in low temperature performance；The performance of modified asphalt of oblique crumb rubber is significantly better than meridian crumb rubber；Asphalt modified by base asphalt of high content light components，has bad temperature sensitivity and good low temperature performance;(3) Modified mechanism of crumb rubbe