第二版新标准大学英语综合教程翻译.docVIP

中国有一句话，叫“人贵有自知之明”。这个观念的最早提出者是老子。老子在《道德经》里说“知人者智，自知者明”。有“自知之明”是指人应该对自己有正确的认识，了解自身的优点和缺点，清醒地知道自己能做什么。我们把人的自知视为“贵”，可见做到“自知”是多么的不易。“自知之明”是一种人生哲学，也是一种品德。它可以帮助我们不断地修正自己，朝着更高的人生目标迈进 As the Chinese saying goes, it is important to know oneself. The first person to put forward this notion was Laozi, who wrote in his book Dao De Jing: “A person who knows others is intelligent, but a person who knows himself is insightful.” To know oneself is to have a correct understanding of oneself, including one’s strengths and limitations, and to be clear-minded about what one can do. We cherish this virtue so much precisely because it is really hard for people to know themselves. Knowing oneself is both part of a philosophy of life and a virtue that can facilitate self-improvement and attainment of a higher life goal. 与父辈相比，现在的孩子在物质生活上要丰富得多，但在精神上则略有欠缺。他们不太可能和伙伴们一起玩，玩具取代伙伴成了他们最忠实的朋友。他们的父母从不缺钱给他们买各种贵重玩具。这样的好处是：他们不再整天缠着父母，因为玩具和电子游戏减轻了他们的孤独感。但也有负面影响：沉迷于玩具和电子游戏会让孩子视力下降或者让他们不愿意与别人交流。这种现象应引起家长和学校的关注。 Compared with the childhood of their parents, children now do enjoy a far better material life, but their emotional life seems less satisfying. They are less likely to play with their peers, for toys have replaced their playmates as their most loyal friends. Their parents can always afford to buy them all kinds of expensive toys. The good thing about this is that they no longer pester their parents to play with them all day long, because toys and video games have lessened their feelings of loneliness. But there are also negative effects: The addiction to toys and video games may cause a child’s eyesight to deteriorate or result in reluctance to communicate with others. These phenomena should demand the attention of both parents and schools. 在敦煌莫高窟，最著名的艺术杰作要数壁画“飞天”（flying apsaras）。敦煌飞天是印度文化和中国文化共同孕育而成的。在印度，被称为“飞天”的空中飞行的天神（celestial beings）多出现在佛教石窟壁画（grotto mural）中，中国道教传统则把在空中飞行的天神称为“飞仙”（flying immortals）。魏晋南北朝时，佛教初传入中国，壁画中的飞仙开始被称为“飞天”。后来，随着佛教在中国的深入发展，佛教的飞天和道教的飞仙在艺术形象上相互融合。敦煌莫高窟的飞天是中国古代艺术家的