《生理学》CHAPTER 3 BLOOD培训资料.pptVIP

Chapter 3 Blood;; Hematocrit ;;(2) Viscosity Viscosity of plasma is 1.2-1.3 times  that of water, viscosity of whole  blood is 2.4 times of plasma. ;Factors of affecting viscosity a. hemotocrit;;b. Shear rate  Shear is a ratio of velocity difference  of adjacent layers to distance  between two fluid layers in laminar  flow.;;;;Osmotic pressure is determined by the number of particle, instead of the mass of the solute. The osmolal concentration of a solution is called its osmolality, expressed by osmole perKg. H20. ;At 37℃, 1 osmolality will cause  19300 mmHg osmotic pressure. Plasma osmolality is 0.313Osm  /Kg. H20  0.313×19300 = 5330 mmHg;Colloid osmotic pressure: maintain intra-and extracapillary water equilibrium Crystal osmotic pressure: maintain intra-and extracellular water equilibrium ;Isoosmotic solutionhyperosmotic solutionhypoosmotic solutionIsotonic solution;;;;Section 3 Physiology of red blood cell;;;(3) Suspension stability of RBC ;3. Genesis and regulation of red blood cells;;;Maturation of red blood cell;;;;(2). Absorption of folic acid;蝶酰多谷氨酸Pteroypolyglutamate （PteGlun)蝶酰单谷氨酸pteroyglutamate (PteGlu)二氢叶酸还原酶dihydrofolate reductase刷毛缘水解酶Brush border hydrolase;;Iron-deficiency anemia orMicrocytic hypochromic anemiaHemochromatosis;;;;;;;;;C. Platelet;Regulation of thrombocytopoiesisPlatelets are formed from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.normal value: 100 — 300X109/L.Half-life: 8 to 12 days.Receptor: Mpl, Proto-oncogen mplLigand: thrombopoietin TPOEffect: proloferation, differentiation,  muturation and release;;;;; Aggregation agents: ADP, thrombin, collagen， thromboxane A2 ;;Primary aggregation: revesibleSecondary aggregation: irreversible cAMP, IP3, Ca2+ , cGMP ;ADPDose dependent Primary agregation Secondary agregation  ATP, Ca2+, fibrinogen;2)Thromboxane A2 (TXA2) Strong aggregation