对特德·休斯自然诗歌的历史视角研究-英语语言文学专业论文.docxVIP

3 3 摘 要 有比坪家认为英国当代桂冠诗人特德 ?休斯是一位反战诗人 ， 有人 认为，休斯的诗远离历史与现实。本文运用历史主义的视角，主要对休斯自 然诗作进行考察与研究 ，探讨战争对休斯诗 歌创作的重要影响及其在诗歌中 的反映。作者认为:休斯首先是一位自然诗人 。诗人 的自然是一个 具有多重含义的大隐喻:是灵性飞扬的狐狸，是野性勃发的美洲虎，是霸气 十足的鬼怪螃蟹，是藐视众生的苍鹰;更重 要的是，诗人赋予自然以灵性， 在一个个动物寓言中休斯倾注了对人类的感 情 ，使其承载起人类远古文明迄 今为止的追求与梦想。休斯又似乎是一位战争诗人 。 大战在诗 人心头留 深深的烙印 ，但体现于诗作中却 少有战场的残迹 ，诗人更关注是 对战争的深层感悟:如鬼魂般缠绕的战争阴 霜，生死的元常，理性与兽性的 抗争，自由的陷阱，解放的牢笼，理想的幻灭..。作为战后寻求出路的人文 思想者 ，休斯最终关注的还是人类自身的命 运 。贯穿诗作始终的是对大自然 神秘力量的崇拜，对战争的反思，对工业化 恶果的诅咒，对城市化迅速推进 的担忧，对人欲横流的斥责，对人类命运的 叩问与担忧。透过异彩纷呈的动 植物等各种意象，读者仿佛听见一个苍老深 沉如天启般的声音:人 啊!善待 自然，约束自身吧!因此，可以说，休斯的诗承载了历史，展示着现实， 警 示着未来。 关键询 : 特德 ?休斯;自然诗;历史;战争;现代危机 PAGE PAGE 1 Abstract Some critics hold that Ted Hughes, the Poet Laureate, is an “anti-war poet” while some propose that there is “the absence of history” in Hughes’ works for his presentation of a primitive nature world in his poems. This thesis studies effect of historical events (mostly the two World Wars) to Ted Hughes’ writing and discusses the conflicts arise in Modern England explored by him. In his poetry Hughes time and again celebrates the natural energies, shows how they exist in mankind, and points out that human wholeness depends on an acceptance of all aspects of our nature. During a prolific writing career, Hughes has been regarded as a poet who writes about the natural world rather than the society, but his animal poems are not only about the natural world, they also reflect human life. And the feral forces of nature he celebrates are metaphors for historical struggle of human being in modern world. Hughes was greatly impressed by the two World Wars and his writing was influenced by his father ’s experience in the First World War. The terrible experiences weighed on the fathers mind and his attendant depression oppressed the boy throughout the period of his childhood and adolescence and affected his poetic imagination. War is a preoccupation of Hughes and his theme extends from the physical war to psycho field to explore both inner and outer world. Hughes wa