藏羚羊和藏系绵羊PGC-1α基因编码区的克隆与分析-病理学与病理生理学专业论文.docxVIP

青海大学医学院 青海大学医学院 2009 级攻读硕士学位研究生毕业论文 - - PAGE IV - 英 文 摘 要 Abstract Background and Objectives The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, is the largest and highest area in this planet, with 2.5 million km2 in size. It includes almost all the worlds territory higher than 4 500 meters. As inclement environment of the Tibetan Plateau, the zoology and botany are constantly challenged by hypobaric hypoxia, cold temperature, and high UV radiation. However, it’s a paradise to wild animals such as Tibetan antelopes, wild yaks and wild Tibetan donkeys. During their long evolutionary history, those animals have developed their own mechanisms to adapt at the harsh environment. Endemic to the Tibetan Plateau, the Tibetan antelope (Pantholops hodgsonii), belongs to Bovidae family, inhabits open alpine and cold steppe environments between 3 500 and 5 500 meters elevation. They prefer flat, open, terrain, with sparse vegetation cover. They are found almost entirely in China, where they inhabit Tibet autonomous region, Xinjiang autonomous region and Qinghai province. Because of their peculiar habitat and habits no zoos or other places in the world have ever tried breading. Tibetan antelopes are good runners and can move as fast as 80 km/h, with maximum speeds reported to be 110~120 km/h. Above all, Tibetan antelope is a perfect subject for high altitude adaptation study. As a transcriptional coactivator, PGC-1α can bind to and coactivate most nuclear receptors as well as many transcriptional factors. PGC-1α is a dynamic regulation factor through various signal transduction involved in cellular energy metabolism processes, including mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidation, hepatic gluconeogenesis, β-oxidation of fatty acids, adaptive thermogenesis, etc. Cold temperature, fasting, endurance exercise could induce PGC-1α expression in specific tissues. However, It is unclear that what the role does PGC-1α play in high altitude adaptation of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau native animals. In the present s