超声TOFD法成像技术及其在焊缝缺陷检测中的应用-机械工程专业论文.docxVIP

三 三 峡 大 学 全 日 制 专 业 学 位 硕 士 学 位 论 文 PAGE IV万方数据 PAGE IV 万方数据 Abstract The steel structure uses a large amount of welding process in modern technology, and the existence of crack defects in weld has a great influence to the whole structure. In order to guarantee the quality of welding structure, we must be nondestructive testing of steel structure. Although it had already been proved the ideal detection tool in thick wall weld testing, ultrasonic time of flight diffraction (TOFD) has technological limitations. Due to the influence of imaging mode and acoustic characteristic of the material under testing, characteristic information of the defect is often obscure in the raw TOFD image. So, accurate quantitative data cannot be obtained immediately from the original testing results. In this paper, forward problem of ultrasonic TOFD imaging is studied through the distribution of sound field and the behavior analysis of ultrasound propagation. Based on this, inverse problem of non-destructive characterization is studied by using proper signal and image processing technique, and then the accuracy of weld defect characterization is improved. The main contents are generalized as following: Through the description of ultrasound propagation behavior, sound pressure field in the specimen is calculated based on Multi-Gaussian Beams model. Meanwhile, in order to characterize the acoustoelectric elements of the ultrasonic inspection system, system efficiency factor is determined by performing a reference experiment. Based on these, inspective models for several typical defects are established by employing Kirchhoff approximation theory. By using the models, ultrasonic TOFD A-scan lines are simulated and B-scan foreground images are synthesized. The experimental results show that the simulated dada are in better accordance with the measured ones. Forward synthesis can do help to optimize the testing parameter and solve inverse problem of non-destructive characterizat