超声三维重建可视化的研究及CADS系统的完善-软件工程专业论文.docxVIP

- - IV - 在基于 GPU 的三维数据显示中，我们介绍如何利用 CUDA 实现实时的光线投射法。 首先介绍了三维数据如何读取到内存，并由内存部署到 GPU。然后介绍了计算的部署， 也就是如何把大批量的线程合理地安排到 GPU 上的每一个核心。接着介绍了光线投射 法的核心算法，提出了可能影响显示质量和速度的诸多因素，如深度方向上的取样步长、 提前结束的透明度等等。最后，讨论了如何把计算的结果显示出来。 在超声三维显示优化中，我们探讨了显示优化的难点，认为只有让用户参与部分显 示过程，也就是从灰度值到颜色透明度的映射过程，显示结果才有可能真正反映出用户 的需要。在此基础上，我们首先设计了一套方便用户调节的图形化界面，确定了此类软 件应该有哪些功能。然后，我们据此进行了架构设计，定义了六个项目和若干个类。最 后分析了在一些典型过程中，类的相互作用关系。 在实验部分，我们首先展示了超声重建的效果，然后分析了各种参数对三维显示的 图像质量和速度的影响，最后把超声重建和三维显示结合了起来，以三维的方式显示了 重建过程。 关键词 超声重建，三维显示，光线投射法，三维超声，超声三维显示 - - PAGE VIII - STUDY ON THE VISUALIZATION OF ULTRASOUND 3D RECONSTRUCTION AND IMPROVEMENT ON COMPUTER AIDED DIAGNOSIS SYSTEM (CADS) ABSTRACT In 1950s, ultrasound was the introduction to medical uses. Compared with other medical imaging techniques (CT, MRI), ultrasound imaging has its unique advantages: real-time, interactive, non-electromagnetic radiation, non-invasive, economical and convenient, easy to repeat the examination. At present, the clinical applications of ultrasound are mainly two-dimensional. With the rapid development of computer technology, there are increasingly stronger calls for three-dimensional ultrasound. Compared with the two-dimensional ultrasound, three-dimensional ultrasound has the following advantages: first, the direct three-dimensional structure of organs avoid over-reliance on experience of doctors; second, it can give any direction of the two-dimensional surface images, some of which can not be obtained by two-dimensional ultrasound image, and these directions often play a key role in the diagnosis; third, measure an organ more accurately; four, can be kept for further study; five, intuitive and easy to understand. Ultrasonic three-dimensional reconstruction can be divided into three stages: image acquisition, reconstruction, and display. Ultrasound reconstruction reconstructs a series of two-dimensional ultrasound image into three-dimensional image based on scanning probe position and orientation. Currently, large overseas companies have develop