超宽带室内定位系统接收机的设计与实现-通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 摘 摘 要 摘 要 随着数据业务和多媒体业务的快边增加，人们对定位与导航的需求日益增大，尤 其在复杂的室内环境。超宽带脉冲无线电CIR-UWB)技术，利用极窄脉冲的低功耗， 以及传输具有的良好的时间分辨率特性，可以为收发机之间提供精确的距离测量，从 而为室内与室外的定位系统提供一种低成本、高精确度的定位技术。 超宽带技术实现的难点在于信号的检测，尤其是应用在定位上，更要关心信号的 相位。信号的检测方式可以分为相干检测和非相干能量检测。相干检测效果好，但系 统实现复杂。对于超宽带信号来说，非相干能量检测并不比相干检测差多少，所以本 文研究的重点就偏向于实现相对简单的非相干能量检测接收机。 本文先针对一种三基站的定位方案，设计了其发射机，以及一种适用于超宽带定 位的基于锁相的脉冲能量接收机。并对接收机中的包络检波电路进行了实现，实测波 形显示:检波输出有陡峭的前沿和较大的峰值。陡峭的前沿是系统定位的要求:大峰 值则是后级脉冲锁相环电路的输入要求。然后又研究了一种基于同步点的定位方案， 设计了其发射机和接收机结构。并对非相干能量检测接收机同步捕获模块中的积分窗 的设计做了改进，在保证了同步捕获精度的同时，提高了捕获边度。最后对系统中的 三种点:标签、同步点和基站的基带FPGA部分进行了Verilog HDL的建模与仿真，验 证了系统设计的可行性。 关键词:超宽带定位:能量检测:包络检波:同步捕获:积分窗 万方数据 I – – – PAGE IV – 万方数据 Abstract With the rapid increasing of the data business and multimedia business，people’s demands for location and navigation increase day by day, especially in the complicated indoor environment. IR-UWB technic, making use of the low cost of power and nicer characteristic of time differentiate rate by using bally narrow impulse transmition, could provide accurate distance measuring between transmitter and receiver, and so provide a low cost but high precision location technique for indoor and outdoor location system. The difficulty of realizing UWB technique is signal detecting, especially when it applies on location, the phase of the signal must be pay attention to. The signal’s detecting mode can be divided into two kinds: Coherent detection and Non-coherent detection. The effect of coherent detection is better, however,it is harder to realize.For the UWB singnal,the effect of the Non-coherent energy detection is more or less the same as the coherent detection.So in this paper it mainly studies the Non-coherent energy detection receiver which realize much easier. Firstly,for a lacation system based on three base stations, this paper has designed the transmitter, and has proposed a pulse energy receiver based on Phase-locked,which is applicable to Ultra-Wideband lacation. secondly,it has realized the envelope detec- tor cir