城市屋顶高品质甜瓜高效管道栽培技术的研究与应用-园艺专业论文.docxVIP

3 摘 要 本文在国内率先探索将管道式栽培设备应用于城市屋顶环境，在不具备甜瓜 土壤种植条件的城市建筑物平面屋顶上架设内部填充有特种栽培基质与滴灌设 备的 PVC 栽培管道，种植如‘雪蜜王’、‘甜王一号’、‘金束鹿青玉’等兼顾食 用、观赏与经济效益的园艺作物，验证在城市建筑的闲置屋顶上将农业生产与休 闲观光相结合的可行性。本文以 9 个不同品种的甜瓜为材料，以露地大田栽培为 对照，研究了城市屋顶管道栽培对甜瓜维生素 C、可滴定酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶 性总糖、可溶性固形物等含量的影响，并且分析比较不同甜瓜品种间各相对性状 和抗病性。试验使用口径为 200mm 的 PVC 管道，单管长为 2m，并设置 5 个直 径 4cm 间隔 40cm 的甜瓜生长口，两端为 20cm。管道内部填充基质，并贯穿直 径为 20mm 的滴灌管。甜瓜定植后，每月选择连续两天晴天、阴天、雨天的日子， 测定一天中 3 个时间点的温度，比较屋顶和露地的土壤温度，统计温差并记录。 通过浸种催芽、穴盘育苗、移栽定植等手段实施管理。试验结果表明，试种的 9 个甜瓜品种中，‘M1’、‘M6’、‘M9’这 3 个品种表现出了较好的适应性，在屋 顶管道栽培条件下，甜瓜的维生素 C、可溶性总糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物含 量比露地栽培条件下显著提高，可溶性蛋白含量没有明显变化。 关键词：甜瓜；城市屋顶；管道栽培；果实品质; ABSTRACT This paper takes the lead in the exploration of applying the pipeline cultivation equipment to the urban building roof where lacks suitable soil environment for muskmelon cultivation. By setting up PVC pipeline filled with special cultivation substrate and drip irrigation equipment, the exploration aims at making it possible for cultivation of plants which are for both sight and food of good economic benefit like ?King? of muskmelon, ?sweet melon NO.1? and ?Jinshulu? musk melon under urban roof environment. Meanwhile, it tries to demonstrate the feasibility of the combination of agricultural production with viewing function on idle urban roof environment. 9 different kinds of muskmelon are taken as material and the farmland is taken as control to study the influence of pipeline cultivation on urban building roof in muskmelon?s amount of vitamin C, titratable acid, soluble protein, solubility sugar, soluble solid state material etc. And the relative traits and disease resistances between different kinds of muskmelon was also compared. The experiment in this study uses PVC pipeline (2 meter length, 200mm diameter) fully filled with solid substrates, and sets 5 notches for the muskmelon which are 4cm in diameter at an interval of 40cm. After the colonization of the muskmelon, the temperatures of 6 days per month are measured three times a day (which includes 2 sunny days, 2