冲击性载荷下足部骨骼的生物力学研究体育学;运动人体科学专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 骨骼生物力学具有重要的科研价值和现实意义，有助于增进对人类自身和环 境的认识，在临床医学、运动医学上有迫切的需求，骨骼生物力学研究在科学技 术快速发展的前提下，近年来迅速发展起来。本研究鉴此基础上充分利用有限单 元法 FEM 在生物力学研究中的优越性，用三维有限元模型计算和实验测试两种 研究方法，从分析生物力学机制的角度探讨了排球扣球动作对足部籽骨形态及其 分布的影响。 研究采用 Pedar-X 足底压力测试系统对专业排球运动员扣球动作的足底压力 进行测试，将测试的结果转化为人体踝部动力学数据。生物体建模由螺旋 CT 扫 描无足部疾病和跟腱损伤史的同一排球运动员踝部得到的连续断层数据图片以 DICOM 格式输出导入医学三维重建软件 Materialise Mimics 经过图片的筛选预处 理，提取边界的坐标生成三维实体，通过 CAD/CAM 软件处理装配，建立了足 部三维计算机模型，在 AnsysWorkbench 里建立约束、加载载荷并求解，从而实 现足的生物力学研究。 研究表明排球运动员第一跖骨下籽骨出现率远远大于平常人，而足底压力测 试则发现在排球扣球动作中，在起跳和落地过程中，该处的压力最大，而在建立 的足部三维有限元模型中，可以模拟其受力情况，也表明该处的第一主应力均为 最大。故长期的专业运动训练对足部骨骼，特别是籽骨的形态以及出现率有重要 影响。 关键词：生物力学；骨骼；三维重建；有限元 ABSTRACT Bone biomechanics shows its significant importance in the research and clinical fields, especially in the sports medicine. Following the development of medical techniques, the exploration in the bone biomechanics grows rapidly in recent years. Based on these reasons, finite element method was applied in this research in order to simulate the mechanics in sports movement. The aims of the current study focus on morphologic variations study of sesamoids affected by motions of smashing volleyball with the analyses of a three-dimensional finite element foot model and experimental test. Pedar-X plantar pressure measure system was used in order to get the Plantar pressure in motions of smashing volleyball. Through force calculation, human insole pressure data were acquired and also CT image data came from the testers who never suffered Achilles tendon disease. Using Materialise Mimics, the superficial 3D imaging and it ， s boundary coordinate were achieved. Through processing and assembling of CAD CAM software, an ideal three-dimensional finite element model was constructed. The mesh process and solving were processed by Ansys Workbench which is universal finite element analysis (FEA) software. This study shows that the frequency of sesamoid of the volleyballers is far more than that of ordinary people, while the plantar stress test shows that