城市污泥与谷壳制备吸附剂及其对染料废水处理的研究-环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 针对城市污泥和谷壳产量大，常规处理受到制约以及染料废水难生物处理等问 题，本文提出利用污泥与谷壳中含有的固定碳将两者混合制备含碳吸附剂，并将其 运用于染料废水的处理。 本文通过实验选择 ZnCl2 为最佳活化剂；污泥与谷壳配比为 1:1；最佳工艺条件 为：ZnCl2 浓度 6mol/L，固液比 1:2，热解温度 600℃；最佳条件下的吸附剂比表面 积测定结果为 460.5m2/g；热重分析说明 ZnCl2 能促进原料约 16%的失重，同时提高 含碳量；扫描电镜分析发现吸附剂具有丰富的孔结构；红外光谱分析发现吸附剂含 有氨基、磷酸基和磺酸基等官能团。 自制吸附剂对染料废水的研究表明：污泥谷壳吸附剂对亚甲基蓝和活性艳红的 吸附量随染料初始浓度的增加而增加，初始浓度为 70mg/L 时，最高值分别可达 93.2mg/g 和 87.2mg/g；温度升高更有利于促进活性艳红的吸附；盐度的变化对两种 染料吸附的影响均较小；PH7 时有利于促进吸附剂对活性艳红的吸附，pH=2 时的 吸附值可达到 118.3mg/g；PH7 时有利于亚甲基蓝的吸附，pH=12 时的吸附值达到 132.5mg/g。吸附动力学分析发现准二级动力学模型最能描述吸附剂对两种染料的吸 附，相关系数 R2 均大于 0.99；吸附等温线分析说明吸附剂对两种染料的吸附是单分 子层吸附；吸附剂对活性艳红和亚甲基蓝的吸附活化能分别为 5.01 kJ/mol 和 6.93 kJ/mol。 关键词：城市污泥；谷壳；吸附剂；染料废水 II Abstract Aiming at growing amount of sewage sludge and rice husk and more and more tighten treatment restriction they face and also non-biodegradable dye wastewater, this paper propose to use fixed carbon in sewage sludge and rice husk to make them into absorbent and apply it in dye wastewater treatment. ZnCl2 was chosen as the best activator and 1:1 was the best sludge to husk ratio. Absorbent with the best absorption capacity can be prepared when ZnCl2 concentration is about 6mol/L, solid-to- liquid ratio reaches 1:2, and preparation temperature is at 600℃. BET test showed the absorbent has a high surface area of 460.5m2/g. TGA proved ZnCl2 can bring more weight loss but improve carbon content at the same time. SEM test gave a clear picture of pore structure in the absorbe nt. FTIR analysis indicated that the absorbent has many functional structures such as amino, sulfo and phosphate. Application of the absorbent prepared in dye wastewater treatment was also studied. Absorption quantities of methylene blue and reactive brilliant red increase with init ial dye concentration and can reach 93.2mg/g and 87.2mg/g separately when initial dye concentration is 70mg/L. Absorption quantities of both dyes also increase with temperature but keep steady when salinity changes. Solution pH7 can help improve the absorption of rea