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油桐品种五爪桐含油量及桐油质量的研究
油桐品种五爪桐含油量及桐油质量的研究
摘要:研究结果显示,五爪桐[Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.)Airy-Shaw cv. Five fingernails tung]的桐油组分中含有63种成分,其中18种十八-6,9,12-三烯酸甲酯顺反异构体的α-桐酸的总含量达63.94%,(Z,Z,Z)十八-9,12,15-三烯酸甲酯的β-桐酸含量为8.62%,十八-9-烯酸甲酯含量为6.23%,(Z,Z)十八-9,12-二烯酸甲酯含量为8.05%,棕榈酸甲酯含量为3.30%,二十-11-烯酸甲酯含量为1.19%。五爪桐桐油总脂肪酸的相对含量为99.04%,其中有21种不饱和脂肪酸,干性油含量为90.63%;其种仁含油量为62.89%,折光指数1.520 6,酸化值5.1 mg/g,碘化值165 mg/g,皂化值190 mg/g,透明无异味,色泽0.1,密度0.937 6 g/mL,热聚合时间446 s。五爪桐桐油脂肪酸因含β-桐酸高,桐油产品中有结晶析出,不能达到商品桐油的质量要求;但β-桐酸是一种治疗心血管疾病有显效的有效成分,含量高,有提取价值,可将它作为药用油桐树发展。
关键词:油桐;含油量;质量指标
中图分类号:S794.3;Q54文献标识码:A文章编号:0439-8114(2011)10-2031-04
Study on the Oil Content and Quality of Vernicia fordii cv. Five Fingernail Tung
LIU Jin-long1,ZHENG Xiao-jiang1,ZHENG Wei2,TIAN Guo-zheng1,YANG Chi1
(1. School of Biological Science and Technology, Hubei Institute for Nationalities/ Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, Enshi 445000, Hubei, China; 2. Institute of Agricultural Quality Standards and Testing Technology, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430064, China)
Abstract: The results of the presented study showed that there were 63 substances in oil components of Vernicia fordii (Hemsl.) Airy-Shaw cv. Five fingernails tung including 63.94% of 18-6,9,12-Octadecatrienoic acid and methyl ester cis-trans isomer of α-eleostearic acid, 8.62% of Z,Z,Z-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid, 6.23% of 9-Octadecenoic acid, 8.05% of(Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 3.30% of palmitic acid, 1.19% of 11-Eicosenoic acid. The relative content of Five fingernails tung fatty acid was 99.04% among which there were 21 unsaturated fatty acids; the total content of drying oil was 90.63%; the oil content of seed kernel was 62.89%; the refractive index was 1.520 6; the acidification value was 5.1 mg/g; the iodization value was 165 mg/g; the saponification value was 190 mg/g; It was transparent and without abnormal odour; the colour was 0.1; and the specific gravity was 0.937 6 g/mL; while the ther
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