药材初加工发汗过程及其酶促反应与化学转化机制探讨.PDFVIP

中草药 Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs 第 44 卷 第 10 期 2013 年 5 月 ·1219 · ·专 论 · 药材初加工“发汗”过程及其酶促反应与化学转化机制探讨 段金廒，宿树兰，严 辉，郭 盛，刘 培，钱大玮，吴启南 南京中医药大学 江苏省中药资源产业化过程协同创新中心，江苏 南京 210046 摘 要：药材初加工是药材生产与品质形成的重要环节，长期的生产实践和经验积累形成了独具特色、内容丰富的加工方法 和技术体系。药材初加工环节中的“发汗”方法是部分根及根茎类、皮类、菌核等药材在干燥加工过程中采用的独特处理方 法，既有利于药用部位内部水分向外分布易于干燥，同时又调节和促进着生物组织中的酶系统与微生物群落活力，启动 或加速了初生/次生代谢产物的生物转化与化学转化过程，直接影响着药材品质的形成。对药材初加工“发汗”方法形成的 历史源流、目的与意义进行了阐述，并对这一独特过程中可能发生的酶活变化及其物质转化机制等进行分析探讨，以期为阐 明药材初加工“发汗”原理，为合理地制定药材初加工技术标准及其 SOP 提供科学依据。 关键词：药材初加工；“发汗”；干燥过程；酶促反应；化学转化 中图分类号：R282.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：0253 - 2670(2013)10 - 1219 - 07 DOI: 10.7501/j.issn.0253-2670.2013.10.001 “Sweating” of traditional Chinese medicinal materials during primary processing and its mechanisms of enzymatic reaction and chemical conversion DUAN Jin-ao, SU Shu-lan, YAN Hui, GUO Sheng, LIU Pei, QIAN Da-wei, WU Qi-nan School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China Abstract: Primary processing of traditional Chinese medicinal materials (TCMM) is an important link which closely relates to the quality of products in TCMM. The traditional primary processing method and technology systems were derived from the long-term practices and experiences, which are distinctive, colorful, diverse, and scientific. The method of “sweating” is a critical step for processing the rhizome, root, cortex, and sclerotium and helpful for distributing moisture from inside to outside of TCMM in drying process, regulating and promoting the enzymatic reaction and chemical conversion by enzyme and germs, and starting or accelerating the biotransformation and chemical conversion of primary/secondary metabolites, which could directly affect the quality of TCMM. In this paper, the authors discuss t