广州市社区甲型H1N1流感监测发现首起学校聚集性疫情剖析.docVIP

广州市社区甲型H1N1流感监测发现首起学校聚集性疫情剖析 　　【摘要】 目的 探讨社区甲型H1N1流感应急监测在寻找感染来源、发现聚集性疫情以及有效控制疫情方面的作用,为甲型H1N1流感的预防控制提供参考依据。方法 制定监测方案,采集监测对象咽拭子用RT-PCR方法,检测甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸,采用现场流行病学调查方法,对学校甲型H1N1流感聚集性病例的流行特征进行调查。结果 应急监测共采集148例监测对象标本,甲型H1N1流感病毒核酸阳性2例,阳性率为1.35%。调查病例时发现广州市首起学校聚集性甲型H1N1流感疫情,5 d内发现确诊病例5例,罹患率为12.2%。结论 开展社区甲型H1N1流感应急监测,是寻找社区感染来源,及时发现可疑病例,防止疫情扩散蔓延的很好方法。 　　【关键词】 流感病毒A型,H1N1亚型;人群监测;社区卫生服务;疾病暴发流行 　　【中图分类号】 R 373.13 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1000-9817(2010)06-0702-02 　　 　　Emergency Surveillance of Community A (H1N1) Influenza and Analysis on the School Outbreak in Guangzhou/LI Mei-xia, LIU Yang, LI Tie-gang. Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou(510080), China 　　【Abstract】 Objective To explore the importance of emergency surveillance of community A (H1N1) influenza in discovering the patients and outbreak timely, ascertaining the route of transmission and controlling the epidemic effectively, and to provide reference for the prevention and treatment. Methods Plan including throat swabs tested by RT-PCR and outbreak investigation processed by field epidemiology was conducted. Results Total 148 samples were tested with 2 samples (1.35%) positive for A (H1N1) influenza. The first school outbreak was detected by investigating the confirmed case, indicating 5 confirmed cases in later 5 days with attack rate 12.2%. Conclusion Emergency surveillance of community A(H1N1) surveillance plays a critical role in finding patients and route of infection, as well as preventing the spread. Comprehensive measures especially strict management on source of infection make the epidemic controlled significantly with no secondary cases. 　　【Key words】 Influenza A virus,H1N1 subtype;Population surveillance;Community health services;Disease outbreaks 　　 　　2009年5月18日广东省报告广州市发现首例输入性甲型H1N1流感病例[1]。5月下旬广州市发现我国首起由输入病例引起的本地感染疫情[2]。2009年6月12和14日广州市报告荔湾区某网络科技有限公司2名员工确诊为甲型H1N1流感病例。因在同一公司内2 d内出现2例病人,没有明确可查的输入传染源,推测是本市社区感染所致,感染地可能为荔湾芳村地区。为寻找社区感染来源,及时发现可疑病例,防止疫情扩散蔓延,广州市疾病预防控制中心和荔湾区疾病预防控制中心启动应急疫情监测