老年病人压疮危险因素剖析及护理对策.docVIP

老年病人压疮危险因素剖析及护理对策 　　[摘要] 目的：探讨老年病人压疮高发危险因素并提出相关护理对策。方法：分析30例老年压疮病人相关资料，使用诺顿评分（NORTON）评估压疮高发因素，分类评价各项相关指标与压疮发病的关系。结果：30例老年压疮病人诺顿评分平均（16.97±3.24）分，其中，3人（10%）≤13分，有很高风险，14人(46.7%)14~18分，有较高风险，5人(16.7%)19~23分，有中等风险；30例老年病人不同程度存在中重度营养不良、低蛋白血症、血清钙降低、肌张力改变、大小便失禁等情况；30例病人均长期卧床，丧失生活自理能力，住院后接受输液治疗，其中10例因躁动需要约束四肢等，这些因素均与压疮的发生相关。结论：应针对老年病人压疮高发因素作好积极的预防和护理措施，提高老年病人生存质量。 　　[关键词] 老年病人；压疮；处理方法；护理对策 　　[中图分类号]R471 [文献标识码]C [文章编号]1673-7210（2007）09（c）-066-03 　　 　　Analysis to the dangerous factors to the older patients with bedsore and relative nursing countermeasures to them 　　HAN Wei-li,WU Lan-di，QIU Da-mei 　　(Guangzhou No.12 Hospital, Guangzhou 510620，China) 　　[Abstract] Objective: To inquire the dangerous factors to bedsore for old patients, and put forward to nursing countermeasures to old patients. Methods: There were 30 old patients with bedsore and their relative medical materials. The authors evaluated the dangerous factors resulting in bedsore with Norton Grade, and evaluated the relationship between the factors and the incidence rate of bedsore. Results: These 30 old patients with bedsore got（16.97±3.24） grade averaged. There were 3 patients (10%) got 13 grade, 14 (46.7%) got 14~18 grade, 5 (16.7%) got 19~23 grade. Most of them had the innutrition, hypoproteinemia, decrease of serum calcium, change of muscular tension and gatism in different degree. All of them had no self-care ability and had to lie down and take transfusion, 10 of them had to be bound their extremity. There was close correlation between the factors happened to the patients and the incidence of bedsore. Conclusion: The nurses should take effective measures which prevent the old patients from the factors resulting in the bedsore to improve the quality of their life. 　　[Key words] Older patient；Bedsore；Disposal methods；Nursing measure 　　 　　随着人类寿命的延长以及医疗手段的进步,社会老龄化人口比例不断增加,越来越多的老人带病生存期延长。但是因老人机体生理功能退化，反应迟缓，自主生活能力减弱，长期卧床或乘坐轮椅，不能自主变换体位、站立和行走，导致局部组织持续受压，血液循环障碍，营养供应减少和免疫功能降低等造成皮肤压疮成为老年人反复住院的常见原因；一旦发生压疮很