城镇职工基本养老保险全国统筹模式研究社会保障专业论文.docx

摘 要 养老是每个人都必须面临的问题，进入 21 世纪人口老龄化已成为世界不可逆转 的趋势，养老压力随之加大。我国在 20 世纪末就已经进入人口老龄化社会，并在之 后相当长的一段时间内保持老龄人口的高速增长。因此，只有建立覆盖城乡的完善的 基本养老保险制度，才能为养老提供有力保障，才能实现全体人民“老有所养”的目 标。但目前我国基本养老保险制度存在很多问题，其中，统筹层次低是制约养老保险 制度发展的一个阻力。目前，我国已经基本实现省级统筹，但省级统筹层次仍然不能 很好的适应我国经济社会的快速发展，不利于养老基金的有效利用，出现部分省份基 金大量结余，而有些省份却要依靠国家补助，不能把养老基金的利用率发挥到极致， 阻碍我国社会保障制度的发展完善，不利于人民充分享我国经济发展成果。因此，尽 快实现基本养老保险全国统筹，是我国养老保险事业发展的必然趋势，也是保障这一 制度健康可持续发展的内在要求。 我国基本养老保险分为三大部分，城镇职工基本养老保险，城镇居民基本养老保 险，以及农村居民的基本养老保险。本文着重对城镇职工基本养老保险全国统筹模式 进行探索和研究，首先，介绍养老保险统筹的定义及分类，接着叙述养老保险有关的 理论，即公共物品理论，社会公平理论和大数法则原理；其次，陈述我国城镇职工基 本养老保险的发展历程；再次，论述目前我国城镇职工基本养老保险省级统筹中存在 的问题；紧接着分析实现全国统筹的可行性；之后，确定我国城镇职工基本养老保险 全国统筹的基本原则：最后，提出城镇职工基本养老保险全国统筹的模式建议。 关键词：城镇职工基本养老保险 全国统筹 基本原则 统筹模式 Abstract The pension is everyone must face.In the 21st century, the aging population has become an irreversible trend of the world and pension pressure will be increase. In the late 20th century, China has entered aging population society, the elderly population will maintain a high growth rate followed by a long period of time. Only by establishing the old-age insurance system that covers both urban and rural areas in order to provide strong protection for the pension and to achieve the goal of all people sense of security. But in China the old-age insurance system has many problems, which co-ordinate the low level of resistance of the constraints to the development of the pension insurance system. At present, China has basically been at the provincial level, but the provincial level hierarchy is still not well adapted to Chinas rapid economic and social development and not conducive to the effective use of pension funds.There are some provinces have too many funds but some provinces have to rely on the state subsidies which can not play the utilization of pension funds and hinder the improvement of the social security system in China.This is not conducive to people to fully enjoy the fruits of economic development in China. To achieve national Co-ordination of pension insurance is th