芳香化酶在SOD1G93A转基因鼠不同时期腰段脊髓的表达变化-神经病学专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 研究生签名： 导师签章： 年 月 日 目 录 中文摘要··········································································································1 英文摘要··········································································································3 英文缩写··········································································································6 研究论文 芳香化酶在 SOD1G93A 转基因鼠不同时期腰段脊髓的表达 前言··········································································································7 材料与方法······························································································8 结果··········································································································14 附图··········································································································15 讨论··········································································································19 结论··········································································································22 参考文献··································································································23 综述 芳香化酶在脑内的表达及与中枢神经系统疾病的研究进展····29 致谢··················································································································45 个人简历··········································································································46 中 中 文 摘 要 PAGE 10万方数据 PAGE 10 万方数据 芳香化酶在 SOD1G93A 转基因鼠不同时期腰段脊髓的表达变化 摘 要 目的：肌萎缩侧索硬化（amyotrophic lateral sclerosis，ALS）是一种 致命性的中枢神经系统神经变性疾病，选择性累及大脑皮层、脑干和脊髓 前角的运动神经元，以上、下运动神经元的丢失为特征，导致进行性加重 的肌肉无力、萎缩和吞咽困难、饮食水呛咳，最终因呼吸肌麻痹而死亡。 ALS 的流行病学研究显示在女性绝经期前其患病率男性高于女性，绝经期 后男女发病比例无明显区别。一项有关小鼠的 ALS 模型行为学研究也表 明卵巢切除的雌鼠比卵巢完整的雌鼠生存期缩短。这些结果均说明雌激素 与 ALS 的发病和疾病进展相关。雌激素作为一种神经保护因子，在许多 神经变性疾病中具有促进突触可塑性及神经元存活，保护组织完整性等作 用。而芳香化酶是雌激素合成的最后一步中关键性的限速酶，负责将 16- 羟睾酮、雄烯二酮、睾酮分别转化为雌三醇、雌酮和雌二醇。在生理条件 下，芳香化酶在卵巢、睾丸、前列腺、骨骼、脂肪、胎盘、皮肤和大脑内 均有表达。研究表明，正常情况下，大脑内芳香化酶的表达仅存在于特定 的神经元内，而受到各