粗糙表面几何建模及接触特性分析-精密仪器及机械专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘要 近年来，随着电子设备朝着集成化、高功率方向发展，电子设备的性能越来 越容易受到微弱物理效应的影响，其中粗糙表面电接触问题受到了工程师及学者 们的关注。电子设备中存在着金属面之间的相互接触，金属表面的粗糙度决导致 了一些非理想现象的发生。为了确保系统能够正常运行，金属电接触特性起着重 要的作用，因此研究金属电接触问题就显得尤为重要。 本文针对以上问题主要做了以下研究： 1 针对金属表面接触产生的物理效应，建立了 Maxwell 电阻、Sharvin 电阻及 隧穿电阻的等效数学模型，对不同的电阻随物理参数变化的影响规律进行了分析 计算及对比；并且建立了金属接触面等效非线性电路模型并且提出了相应的解法， 最后分析了热电效应对金属表面接触流经的电流与外加电压之间的关系的影响。 2 建立了二维以及三位分形几何粗糙面的数学模型，分析了分形维度、尺度 系数及采样长度对于粗糙面形貌的影响规律，并且仿真了在持续作用力下微凸体 受挤压高度随时间变化规律的影响，为进一步分析接触电阻随时间变化规律提供 依据。 3 最后建立了等效粗糙面接触模型，将两个粗糙面接触等效为一个拥有等效 参数的粗糙面及一个刚性平板的接触，论证了粗糙面被挤压高度与粗糙面之间接 触电阻之间的关系，并且使用有 COMSOL 限元软件仿真分析对理论计算结果进 行验证，仿真结果基本包含于理论计算结果的范围内。 关键字：粗糙表面 分形几何 接触电阻 隧穿效应 热电效应 Abstract Nowadays, as the development of electronic equipment towards to integration and high-power, the performance of electronic equipment become much more easily influenced by weak physical effects and the problem of electrical contact of rough surface become widely studied by researchers. Due to the existence of metal contact, the roughness of metal surface leads to some occurrence of non-ideal problem. The characteristic of electrical contact become a key problem to ensure the system work well so that the study of the problem of electrical contact becomes an important issue. Focus on the above matter, the primary research has been done in this paper: In consideration of the physical effects of contact surface, the equivalent mathematic model of Maxwell resistance and Sharvin resistance are constructed and analyze the change law of resistance above with different parameters and compare the simulation results with theoretical results. The equivalent non-linear electric circuit of contact surface is modeling and corresponding calculation method is proposed. Also, the eletrothermal effect for analyzing I-V characteristic of contact surface is considered. Fractal dimension, scale parameter and sample length is considered to construct 2-D and 3-D fractal rough surface and simulate the change of the height of micro-asperity during the consistent force o