改性石墨烯掺杂聚苯胺复合材料的合成及其电化学性能研究-材料学专业论文.docx

ABSTRACT Supercapacitors, with the advantages of rapid charge/discharging rates, long cycle life, environmental friendliness and convenience; have raised enormous attention owing to their promising applications in energy field. They act as supplementary power sources for tranditional capacitors and batteries in electric vehicles and digital devices. In our study, polyaniline (PANI) based composite electrode materials were prepared to achieve property complementary. Finally high performance electrodes were obtained based on the synergistic effect of individual component. In this study, PANI was synthesized by cyclic voltammetric method, and the effects of different parameters during the synthesis process, including the concentration of aniline monomers and H2SO4, were studied. The graphene oxide/polyaniline (GO/PANI) composite was prepared by the one-step electrochemical co-deposition method. The different mass concentrations of GO were utilized to improve the electrochemical performances. The maximum specific capacitance of the GO/PANI composite achieved 1136.4 F g-1 with a GO concentration of 10 mg L-1 at a scan rate of 1 mV s-1, which is almost two-fold higher than that of PANI (484.5 F g-1). The GO/PANI composite also showed a good cycling stability, retaining over 89% of its initial capacitance after 1000 cycles. High electrochemical performances were attributed to increasing active sites for the deposition of PANI provided by large surface areas of GO sheets and the synergistic effect between GO and PANI, shortening the ion diffusion paths. Furthermore, the sulfonated graphene/polyaniline (SG/PANI) composites have been prepared via in-situ chemical polymerization doped by SG without protonated through any other inorganic or organic acids. The sulfonate groups of SG are served as the dopant for PANI. The maximum specific capacitance of the SG/PANI composites achieves 676 F g-1 with the mass ratio of SG and aniline 1:30 at a current density of 0.1 A g?1. The