阜新风沙区花生地防风蚀措施研究-水土保持与荒漠化防治专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘 要 - - I - 本文通过对阜新地区花生地防风蚀的研究，在阜新市彰武县章古台镇和阜新蒙古族自 治县老河土乡设置试验区，对裸露的花生地实施不同的防治措施。从而达到防治土壤风蚀 的预期效果。对试验区分别实施三种措施：①进行不同强度的镇压，测定镇压强度对风蚀 的影响程度；②种植模式和带状秸秆留田，一共是四种方式，分析四种模式对花生地的防 风蚀效果；③在播种后裸露的花生地上喷施液态地膜，具体研究结果如下： 花生地在实施不同措施后土壤含水量的变化：两种镇压强度与未实施镇压的花生地相 比较，对花生地土壤水分含量的影响是显著的，但是这两种强度之间的土壤含水量差异是 不显著的。不同镇压强度之间的土壤风蚀量随镇压强度的增加而减小，说明镇压这种方式 对松散花生地具有防风蚀作用，可以减少风蚀量；种植模式和带状留茬对花生地土壤含水 量也是不同的，它们之间的含水量变化趋势是：玉米带状留茬＞谷子带状留茬＞扁杏林带 花生地＞松杨林带花生地。土壤风蚀量也存在显著性差异，带状留茬的土壤风蚀量最少。 另外，地表粗糙度也是衡量风蚀防护效益最重要的指标之一，地表粗糙度增加，在一定程 度上不仅能控制土壤风蚀，还可以改善农业生态环境。四种种植模式的地表粗糙度也存在 显著性差异，四种体系地表粗糙度的变化趋势是：玉米秸秆带状留田＞谷子秸秆带状留田 ＞扁杏林带＞松杨林带；播种后的花生地地表喷施不同类型液态地膜，在不同程度上也减 少了风蚀，液态地膜既可以使裸露松散的土壤保持水分的流失又能固定土壤，使无覆盖的 地表减弱被大风的吹蚀。 关键词：阜新地 区；花生地；土壤风 蚀；物理措施 ；种植 模式 ；液态地 膜；生物 措施； A Abstract - - II - In this paper, research peanut anti-wind erosion in the Fuxin region. It set the test area in Fuxin City Zhangwu County Zhanggutai town and Fuxin Mongolian Autonomous County Laohetu town. Three measures implements in the test area to achieve the effect of controlling soil erosion. Three measures as follows:① different intensity of repression, determination of the impact of the suppression of the strength of the wind erosion ② there are four ways about cropping patterns and ribbon straw remaining in field, analyzing anti-erosion effect of the four modes of peanut ③spraying liquid membrane on bare peanuts the ground after sowing. Researches are as follows: Peanut implements different measures causing moisture of soil changing: Comparing two repression strength with not repression peanut , the peanut soil moisture content is significant, the differences soil water content between the two intensity is not significant. The amount of wind erosion between different of the repression intensity is decreasing with increases intensity of repression. Description crackdown on anti-wind erosion of loose peanut can reduce the amount of wind erosion . Cropping patterns and ribbon stubble on the peanut soil moisture is different , the water content change trends: Corn ri