风力发电机组主机架结构分析-机械设计及理论专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 永磁直驱风力发电机组与双馈风力发电机组相比省去了增速齿轮箱，风轮直 接与发电机耦合，具有结构简单、效率高、噪音低、维护成本低等优点，成为风 力发电技术的发展趋势。为了降低成本，提高零部件的综合性能，保证风机运行 的可靠性，需要对风力机中的关键零部件进行强度分析与校核。本文运用风力机 空气动力学、结构动力学、强度分析等理论和现代设计方法，以 GL、IEC、EuroCode3 等风力发电机组规范为依据，对大型永磁直驱风力发电机组主机架进行结构强度 分析和研究。为风力发电机组关键零部件的设计和优化奠定了基础，具有理论意 义和工程实用价值。 论文主要研究内容如下： ① 运用 Bladed 软件建立风力发电机组分析模型，根据 GL 规范要求计算得 到各工况下主机架所受的极限载荷以及疲劳载荷。 ② 阐述主机架的结构特点和受力状况，依据有限单元法静力学和动力学相关 理论，建立主机架有限元分析模型，对主机架进行静、动态特性分析，从而得到 其应力分布、固有频率和振型，同时为进一步进行疲劳分析提供基础。 ③ 采用全寿命（S-N）分析方法，遵循 Miner 疲劳累计损伤理论对主机架在 20 年设计寿命内各运行工况进行疲劳损伤累积。并研究了 S-N 曲线的修正和载荷 谱的处理方法。 ④ 为研究螺栓连接的非线性特性，应用接触有限元分析方法对联结螺栓及 各联结部件进行静强度和疲劳寿命分析，由此总结出考虑预紧力作用下高强度螺 栓的疲劳分析方法。 关键词：直驱风力发电机组，主机架，有限元法，强度分析，高强度螺栓 III III ABSTRACT Permanent-magnet direct drive wind turbine, without gearbox compared to doubly-fed wind turbine and the rotor directly coupled with the generator, has advantages of simple structure, high efficiency, low noise and low maintenance costs, so it is becoming the trend of wind power technology. In order to reduce costs, improve overall performance and ensure reliability of operation, the Strength analysis and checking of wind turbine key components should be conducted. Based on wind turbine aerodynamics, structural dynamics, strength analysis theory and modern design methods and according to GL, IEC, EuroCode3 and other wind turbine standards, the thesis analyzed and conducted systematic research on the mainframe structure of large-scale permanent magnet direct drive wind turbine. It lays foundation for wind turbine key components design and optimization, and has a high theoretical and practical value. The main contents of the thesis are as follows: ① Established the Wind turbine analysis model by Bladed software, and according to GL standard requirement, calculated the extreme and fatigue load exerted on the mainframe structure under all load cases. ② clarified the structural characteristics and force circumstance of the mainframe structure; and according to the static and dynamic related theories of finit