中国农业资源与环境可持续发展战略研究StudyonStrategiesforthe.PDFVIP

专题研究   中国农业资源与环境可持续发展战略研究 中国农业资源与环境可持续发展战略研究 1 1 2 1 3 李文华 ，成升魁，梅旭荣，刘某承，洪传春 （1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所，北京 100101 ；2. 中国农业科学院，北京 100081 ； 3. 东北大学工商管理学院，沈阳110004） 摘要：农业资源与生态环境是保障粮食安全的基础，当前，中国农业资源与生态环境主要面临三方面的问题：第一，由于播 种面积减少、耕地质量下降和空间格局变化造成我国耕地资源对粮食生产的后续支撑能力不足；第二，“水减粮增”矛盾突 出和“北粮南运”难以为继；第三，农业生态环境恶化、农业生态系统服务功能难以充分发挥。为解决这些问题，需要实施 现代高效生态农业战略、粮食生产区再平衡战略和贸易替代战略。基于此提出了相应的政策建议。 关键词：耕地资源；水资源；农业生态环境；生态系统服务功能；生态补偿 中图分类号：F205 文献标识码：A Study on Strategies for the Sustainable Development of China’s Agricultural Resources and Environment 1 1 2 1 3 Li Wenhua, Cheng Shengkui, Mei Xurong, Liu Moucheng, Hong Chuanchun (1. Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China. 2. Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; 3. School of Business Administration, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110004, China) Abstract: Food security is based on the agricultural resources and environment. At present, China’s agricultural resources and envi- ronment have been faced with three problems. First, due to the shrinking of sown areas and the quality reduction and spatial pattern changes of cultivated land, China’s cultivated land resource cannot provide sustainable support for its food production. Second, the contradiction between “the increasing grain demand and the decreasing water resource” has become obvious and the “north-to-south grain transfer” has been increasingly difficult. Third, the agricultural eco-environment has deteriorated and the service function of the agricultural ecosystem cannot be brought into full play. To solve these problems, we should implement the efficient modern ecol