合作分集对WSN路由的影响与AnRaF协议研究-通信与信息系统专业论文.docxVIP

ii ii 合作分集对WSN路由的影响与ANRAF协议研究 响很大，位置信息包括两个因素：中继节点和目的节点之间的距离；中 继节点和目的节点在源节点处的夹角。提出了基于角度信息的随机转发 路由协议AnRaF，由于角度信息的熵要远远小于地理位置信息的熵，角 度信息的获取和维护更为容易。多跳性能、能量性能和时延性能的研究 表明，基于角度信息的路由协议能以一半的活动邻节点数取得和其余协 议(如GeRaF)相同的性能。 ·研究合作引入WSN后对于现有的基于竞争机制的无线信道技术和避免碰 撞的机制的影响。在基于角度信息路由协议配套的MAC协议基础上，提 出了基于合作WSN的MAC协议。 ·基于角度信息路由协议基础上，提出了基于合作WSN的路由协议，并研究 该协议在WSN初始连通时、初始非连通时、合作结构WSN中的性能。此 外，改进了角度信息获取方法，使之能适应合作WSN。 本文采用MATLAB作为仿真工具。 关键词：合作通信，无线传感器网络，角度信息，路由协议，MAC协议 AbstractCooperative Abstract Cooperative communication is able to effectively combat multi··path fad—- ing across multiple protocol layers in wireless networks．In this technique，sets of terminals relay signals for each other to create a virtual antenna array,trad— ing of the costs—in power,bandwidth，and complexity—for the greater benefits gained by exploiting spatial diversity in the channel．By contrast,classical net- work architectures only employ point·-to··point transmission and thus forego these benefits． In wireless sensor networks，one of the main design challenges is to save severely constrained energy resources and obtain long system lifetime·Low cost of sensors enables US to randomly deploy a large number of sensor nodes． Thus，a potential approach to solve lifetime problem arises．Recently,coop— erafive routing in Wireless Sensor Networks has gained much interest due to its ability to exploit the broadcast nature of the wireless medium in designing power-efficient routing algorithms． In this dissertation，we propose a cooperation-based angle routing proto。 col and its corresponding MAC scheme，which makes full use of the coopera— tive communications．The contributions can be categorized as follows． Sensor connectivity plays a critical role in WSN，while traditional node7S communication range R only considers direct transmission，and there is a lack of research on utilizing cooperation to improve R．In this dissertation，cooper- ative range Rc is utilized in WSN，with Rc and connectivity performance being evaluated by means of analytical