环保型偶氮铁络合活性染料的合成-化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 摘要 金属络合染料是染料中的重要组成部分，而金属络合染料中最重要的是偶氮 金属络合染料，主要用于蛋白质纤维(羊毛、蚕丝)和聚酰胺纤维的染色。用铬、 钴做络合剂的络合染料，在合成及染色过程中会产生大量有毒的废水，对人类的 健康及生态环境都会造成严重的危害。从 1980 年以来，各国对铬、钴等重金属 在纺织品中的含量有了更加严格的限制。并且，铁作为络合剂在成本方面要远低 于铬或者钴。因此，开发环境友好的偶氮铁金属络合染料意义深远。 选择 2-萘酚和 2-氨基-8-萘酚-6-磺酸作为偶合组份，分别与 6-硝基-1,2-重氮 氧基萘-4-磺酸和 2-氨基-4-硝基苯酚的重氮组份反应，合成了两支用于偶氮金属 络合染料合成的母体染料，以上述两只母体染料为中间体，合成了一支 1:2 偶氮 金属络合染料，然后连接上三聚氯氰与对位酯的缩合物后，进行水解反应得到最 终染料。研究了络合反应中各步??应的工艺条件。铁络合活性染料的收率达 85% 以上。 通过紫外-可见吸收光谱分析，确认了铁络合活性染料的结构特性，结果表 明，铁络合活性染料的最大吸收波长λmax 在 575nm，表现为色泽饱满的黑色。 所合成的铁络合活性染料可用于尼龙纤维的染色，其染色织物色泽饱满，色 光纯正。探讨了所合成铁络合活性染料在尼龙纤维上的染色行为，研究了这些染 料在尼龙纤维上的染色方法、染色工艺、上色曲线及其它染色性能，测定了在聚 酰胺纤维上的上染率以及各项色牢度。偶氮铁金属络合活性染料在尼龙纤维的上 染率均在 85%以上，并且具有优良的各项牢度。 关键词：偶氮铁金属络合染料；媒介染料；环境友好；毒性； Abstract The metallized complex azo dyes are important metalized complex dyes used for protein(wool and silk) and polyamide fibers. Conventional metallized azo dyes, containing heavy metal ions such as Cr3+, Co2+, produce a large amount of industrial wastewater, which seriously pollute the ecological environment. Since 1980s, the contents of heavy metal ions Cr3+, Co2+ have strictly been limited in textile. So, it is very important to find environmentally friendly iron complex dyes as viable alternatives. 2-Naphthol and 2-amino-8-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid were selected as coupling components to react respectively with the diazotization components, 6-nitro-1,2-azoxynaphthalene-4-sulphonic acid and 2-amino-4-nitrophenol to synthesize two mordant dyes, for preparation of the metalized complex azo dyes. The above-mentioned two mordant dyes were employed as intermediates to complex with iron(II) salt to prepare one 1:2 metallized neutral azo dye. Then, the dye was used to link the condensate of the cyanutrichloride and vinyl sulphone ester, ultimately gained the final dye. The conditions for each reaction system were made detailed research. The yield of azo iron complex active dye was above 85%. The chemical structure of the metallized complex dye was determined by the visible spectra anal