贡觉克西林沟泥石流特征及成因分析.pdf

安徽农业科学,Journal of Anhui Agri .Sci .2007 ,35(25) :8065 - 8067 责任编辑 陈娟 责任校对 俞洁 贡觉县克西林沟泥石流特征及成因分析 1 1 2 2 曹建文 , 龙昱 , 陈凌康 , 夏抱本 ( 1. 中国地质大学地球科学学院, 湖北武汉430074 ;2 . 西藏自治区生态环境地质研究所, 西藏拉萨850000) 摘要 以西藏贡觉县克西林沟泥石流为例, 对该泥石流活动的3 个分 区( 形成 区、流通区、堆积区) 的物质组成、几何特征进行归纳总结, 对其成因从地形地貌、地质构造、地层岩性、水文气象以及人类活动等方面进行分析, 结果表 明, 强烈的新构造运动和频 繁的地震 活动构 成 了该地 区泥石流灾害发生的宏观地质条件; 由古代 冰川剥蚀作 用形成的冰蚀地貌, 为泥石流的汇水、物 质来源及 流动提供 了必要条 件; 成土作 用差, 且 沟坡陡峻水土流失严重, 造成植被覆盖率低, 为泥石流发生提供 了生态环境条件; 集 中的大量降雨以及 由于强烈物理 风化作用形成的大量碎屑物成为泥石流的基本物质组成来源; 盲 目的人为活动加剧 了泥石 流的发生、发展及其危 害程度 。最后 对该地 区泥石流灾害的预防治理, 从其成 因的角度提 出了系列建议 。 关键词 泥石流; 分 区; 成 因 中图分类号 X 141 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517 - 6611(2007) 25 - 08065 - 03 Study on Characteristics and Causes of Debris Fl ow in Kelinxi Gully of Gongj ue County CAO Jian- wen et al ( Faculty of Earth Sciences , China University of Geosciences , Wuhan , Hubei 430074) Abstract Taking the debris flow of Keli nxi gully i n Gongj ue County of Tibet as an example , the material composition and the geo metrical features of for ming ,circulation and accumulation areas were summarized , and the for ming causes were analyzed fromthe terrain and landfor ms , the geological struc- ture , the for mation lithology , the hydrology and meteorology as well as human activities . The results were as follows : intensive neotectonic movement and frequent earthquake activity were regarded as the macroscopic geological conditions of occurrence of debris flow disasters ; the glaciated landfor m, formed by ancient glacial denudation was regarded as the prerequisite for the catchment of debris flow, the material source and flowage of debris flow ; the poor soil for mation and the lowvegetation coverage ratio caused by severe soil and water loss were regarded as the ecological and environmental conditions of occur- rence of debris