基因工程双语课件第一课.ppt

summarize 1. Understand gene structure and function. 2. Medical applications 3. Food production and pest control. Homework 1 – 2007.3.5 Plasmids are easily isolated from bacteria. (True or False) Plasmids are small relative to the primary bacterial genome. (True or False) List the 3 hurdles that must be overcome in order to undertake detailed study of a single gene. - Gene therapies. - Diagnosis. ?Ellipsis (省略) ● Nucleic acids are also being used as therapeutic entities in their own right . ?For example, antisense nucleic acids are being used to down-regulate gene expression in certain diseases. ?Note that the use of antisense nucleic acids and gene therapy/repair depends on the availability of information on the exact cause of a disease. Biotechnology: the new industry ● The early successes in overproducing mammalian proteins in E. coli suggested to a few entrepreneurial individuals that a new company should be formed to exploit the potential of recombinant DNA technology. Thus was Genentech born {Box 1.1}. Table 1.1 Key events at Genentech. 1976 Genentech founded 1977 Cenentech produced first human protein (somatostatin) in a microorganism 1978 Human insulin cloned by Genentech scientist 1979 Human growth hormone cloned by Genentech scientists 1980 Genentech went public, raising $35 million 1982 First recombinant DNA drug (human insulin) marketed (Genentech product Licensed to Eli Lilly Co.) 1984 First laboratory production of factor VⅡ for therapy of haemophilia. Licensed granted to Cutter Biological 1985 Genentech launched its first product, Protropin (human growth hormone), for growth hormone deficiency in children 1987 Genentech launched Activase {tissue plasminogen activator) for dissolving blood clots in heart-attack patients 1990 Genentech launched ACtimmune (interferon V1β) for treatment of chronic granulomatous disease 1990 Genentech and the Swiss pharmaceutical company Roche co