初中英语主谓一致5.docVIP

初中英语主谓一致 　　透析中考英语语法主谓一致考点 　　谓语受主语支配，须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，这叫做主谓一致。 　　就近一致 整体一致 附加原则 主谓一致的语法一致 意义一致 　　　　一、语法形式一致的原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。如:主语为单数形式，谓语动词用单数;主语为复数形式，谓语动词也采用复数形式。 　　Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。 　　They often play football on the playground. 他们经常在操场上踢足球。 　　The students are playing football on the playground. 这些学生正在操场上踢足球。 　　　　但须注意下列几种情况: 　　1.以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语,不可数名词作主语时时，谓语动词用单数。例: 　　Much land has been deserted in this area in the past few years. 　　在过去的几年中，这个地区的许多土地已经沙化。 　　To start smoking is quite easy, but to give it up needs courage. 　　开始吸烟很容易，但是要戒烟却需要勇气。 　　Reading English newspapers is a good way of improving you English. 　　阅读英文报纸是提高你英语水平的好方法。 　　What you need most is to have a good sleep.你所需要的就是好好睡一觉。 　　How you can get there is a problem. 你怎么到那儿去还是个问题。 　　Some water is in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里。 　　[注意:]由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式。但若表语是“复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构”时，主句的谓语动词用复数 。例如: What I bought were three English books.我买的是三本英语书。 　　What I say and do is (are) helpful for you.我所说的和做的对你是有帮助的。 　　　　2、由and 或both...and来连接并列主语时，谓语用复数。例如: 　　Swimming and walking are good exercises.游泳和散步都是好运动。 　　He and I were classmates when we were at college.他和我在上大学时是同学。 Both John and Ann have got pen-friends.约翰和安都有笔友。 　　Both Zhou Lan and Yang Pei like sports.周兰和杨蓓都爱好体育。 　　[注意] 　　(1)但是，并列主语如果表示同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时，谓语动词用单数形式(这时and后的名词前没有冠词)。a/the+单数名词+and+单数名词，指的是同一个人或物;a/the+单数名词+and+a/the+单数名词，指两个人或物。例如: 　　The writer and teacher is coming. 那位作家兼教师来了。(作家和教师指同一个人) The writer and the teacher are coming. 作家和老师来了。(作家和老师是两个人) The manager and secretary was absent at the meeting.经理兼书记没有出席会议。 The manager and the secretary are busy now.经理和书记现在都很忙。 　　Their teacher and friend is Mr. Li.他们的老师和朋友是李先生。 　　2)由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别被no, each, every或many a ，more than one修饰时，其谓语动词用单数形式。 例如: 　　In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家里，每个男 　　1 　　孩和女孩都有权利受教育。 　　Each man and each woman is asked to help. 每个男士和妇女都被请来帮忙。 Many a st