旋光效应-大学物理试验.DOC

旋光效应 Optical effect 杭彦廷 Yan ting Hang 机械工程及自动化二班 100104212 Second class mechanical engineering and automation 100104212 论文摘要：光的偏振反映光具有横波特性。旋光效应是指旋光物质能够使通过它的偏振光的震动面产生旋转。旋光仪是用来测量旋光物质使偏振光振动面转过角度的仪器，它在工业、科研、医疗等方面有着广泛的应用。1811年，阿喇果（Arago）在研究石英晶体的双折射特性时发现：一束线偏振光沿石英晶体的光轴方向传播时，其振动平面会相对原方向转过一个角度。由于石英晶体是单轴晶体，光沿着光轴方向传播不会发生双折射，因此阿喇果发现的现象应属于另外一种新现象，这就是旋光现象，也即旋光效应。 　　旋光效应的简单解释是：旋转透明介质具有角动量，光也具有角动量。当光通过旋转透明介质时，可以得到部分旋转透明介质的角动量而使光的转动动能增加。 　　这样我们可以理解为，具有手性碳原子的化合物其角动量才可以使光的转动动能增加，使其光轴发生旋转。 Abstract: The polarization of light reflected light has wave properties. Optical rotation effect is to make the material through its surface vibration can rotate polarized light. Polarimeter is used to measure optical surface material to turn the vibration angle of polarized light instrument, which in the industrial, scientific, medical, and other widely used. 1811, A La fruit (Arago) in the study of the birefringence properties of quartz crystal found: a bunch of linearly polarized light along the optical axis of the crystal spread, its vibration plane will be turned at an angle relative to the original direction. As the crystal is uniaxial, the optical axis of light propagation along the birefringence does not occur, so Ala fruit should be part of another phenomenon discovered a new phenomenon, which is optical phenomena, that rotation effects.The simple explanation is that rotation effects: rotating transparent medium with angular momentum, the light also has angular momentum. When light passes through transparent media spin, can be part of the spin angular momentum leaving the transparent medium of light to increase the rotational kinetic energy.So that we can be understood as a chiral carbon atoms of its angular momentum can only increase the rotational kinetic energy of light to the optical axis is rotated. 关键字：偏振Polarization 旋光效应Optical effect 旋光仪Polarimeter 横波Wave 引言：旋光效应的实验测量目前是多数高校开设的一个普通的物理实验项目，这不仅是因为旋光效应已在制糖、制药、石油、食品、化工等众多领域有着广泛的应用，而且还因为该实验蕴含了非常丰富的物理理论知识，如光的本质、光的偏振、旋光等，不仅如此，通过此实验