2018中考英语总复习第二部分专项语法高效突破专项11动词的被动语态课件.ppt

第二部分 专项语法 高效突破 专项11　动词的被动语态 考点1 动词的被动语态 1.被动语态的构成 高频考点精讲 时态 被动语态的构成 例句 一般现在时 is/am/are＋动词的过去分词 The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天被打扫。 一般过去时 was/were＋动词的过去分词 She was hurt yesterday.她昨天受伤了。 一般将来时 will/shall＋be＋动词的过去分词 A new church will be built in this town next year.明年这个小镇将会建一座新教堂。 含有情态动词 情态动词＋be＋动词的过去分词 The work must be finished on time.这项工作必须按时完成。 2.被动语态的用法 ①不知道动作的执行者是谁。如：The watch is made in China.这块手表是在中国制造的。 ②没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如：More trees must be planted every year.每年必须种更多的树。 ③需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如：Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world.世界上越来越多的人说汉语。 ④说话或发表意见时，为了显得客观公正，常用被动语态。常用句型： It is said that...据说…… It is reported that...据报道…… It is (well)known that...众所周知…… 如：It is said that we’ll have a new manager.听说我们要有新经理了。 It is believed that printing was first invented by the Chinese.一般相信印刷术最早是由中国人发明的。 It is reported that a traffic accident took place early this morning.据报道今天清晨有车祸发生。 考点2 被动语态的特殊形式 1.主动句中感官动词see，hear，watch，feel 等和使役动词make，let，have等后跟省略to的动词不定式，变为被动语态时应加上不定式的符号to。如：The great news made her feel happy.→She was made to feel happy by the great news.这好消息使她很高兴。 2．need，require，want，worth等后跟动名词主动形式表示被动意义。如：His bike needs mending.他的自行车需要修一下。 3．特殊结构“make oneself heard/understood”和“have/get sth.done”。如：I had my hair cut yesterday.我昨天剪头发了。 十年真题全练 近十年来，临沂中考对被动语态的考查一般是1至2道小题，考查形式以单项填空和动词应用两种题型为主。预测在2018年临沂中考中，单项填空和动词应用仍然会有1道题考查被动语态。主要有三种时态：一般现在时、一般过去时和含有情态动词的被动语态。 考点1 一般现在时的被动语态 1.[2016·临沂，19]Now all Chinese couples ____ to have two children. A．allow B．allowed C．are allowed D．were allowed C 2．[2012·临沂，33]Every year，more than 70，000，000 sharks ____ for their fins. A．were killed B．have killed C．are killed D．will killed 3．[2009·临沂，31]The world has a big headache and it ____ by money.It began in America last year. A．cause B．causes C．is caused D．are caused 4．[2008·临沂，89]Dangerous driving causes many accidents.(改为被动语态) Many accidents __ __ __ __by dangerous driving. C C are caused 考点2 一般过去时的被动语态 5.[2017·临沂，24]They have collected more th