基于cae仿真技术的某微型客车车身疲劳寿命研究-机械设计及理论专业论文.docxVIP

南京航空航天大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 车身结构的疲劳寿命是评价汽车质量优劣的重要指标之一。传统的车身疲劳寿命预测方法 一般都采用实际样车进行实验室台架疲劳试验或者进行实车的道路测试，所需周期长、费用高， 且不能在设计阶段准确估算结构寿命。本文以某微型客车车身为研究对象，利用有限元技术在 虚拟环境下对车身结构的疲劳寿命进行了分析，实现了 HyperMesh、MSC.Nastran、ADAMS/Car 及 MSC.Fatigue 软件间的联合仿真，减少了对样车的依赖，为车身结构的设计与改进提供了基 于 CAE 疲劳分析的技术支持。 首先运用先进的建模技术建立了白车身有限元模型，通过模态分析研究了车身结构的动态 特性。进一步建立了满载车身的有限元模型，根据复杂的路况及车身承载特点确定了车身强度 分析工况，利用惯性释放原理完成了不同工况下车身结构的静强度分析，并对主要零部件的结 构强度进行了分析评价。最后基于整车多体动力学模型仿真计算，得到了满载车身在 B 级路面 下的车身载荷谱，结合单位载荷应力场和材料的 S-N 曲线，采用名义应力法对车身结构的疲劳 寿命进行了预估，重点分析了车身结构中与底盘相连的危险区域内存在的相对薄弱环节。 关键词：微型客车，疲劳寿命，CAE，白车身，有限元 I 基于 CAE 仿真技术的某微型客车车身疲劳寿命研究 Abstract Fatigue life of the structure is an important parameter to evaluate the quality of the vehicle. The traditional methods to predict the body fatigue life are generally carried out by the experiment of the vehicle prototype in the laboratory and the road test. But all of these methods have the disadvantages of long time, high cost, and it is difficult to calculate the structural life during the design period. In this paper, the simulation based on FEM is applied to analyze the fatigue life of a minibus body in a virtual environment. We use the softwares such as Hypermesh, MSC.Nastran, ADAMS/Car and MSC.Fatigue to realize the simulation. The research can provide technical supports for the design and improvement of the body structure while we don’t rely on the prototype of a minibus. Firstly, the finite element model of body-in-white is established by advanced modeling technology, and dynamic characteristics of the body structure are investigated by modal analysis. Secondly, the model of fully loaded vehicle body is established. The working conditions are divided into different kinds according to the complicated road condition and the characteristics of loads. The static strength analysis is accomplished by inertia relief under different working conditions. The structural strength of the main parts of the body is also evaluated. Finally, the multi-body dynamics model of the minibus is established,