中国逻辑如何影响中国传统数学.pdfVIP

StudiesinLogic,Vol.7, No. 2 (2014): 102–115 PII:1674-3202(2014)-02-0102-22 HowdidChineseLogic Influence Traditional * ChineseMathematics Bangfan Liu CollegeofHumanities and Law,YanshanUniversity liubangfan@yeah.net Abstract. Traditional Chinese mathematics were influenced by Chinese logic, especially by the Mohist logic. They formed their very own system of reasoning, which were founded upon themethodofmatchingtypes(Lei 类). Theverycoreofthismethodwastheprocessofanalogy (TuiLei 推类),whichservedastheleadingmodeofancientChinesemathematicsalreasoning. Duetoitsmethodologicalsystem,traditionalChinesemathematicsfoundthemselvesatthevery topofthoughtthroughouttheworld,asituationthatheldonforaconsiderableamountoftime. Consequently, we can conclude that Chinese logic was not the element that hindered the fur- ther development of traditional Chinese mathematics. In other words, the logical methods that formedthecoreoftraditionalChinesemathematicswerenotthereasonforthelaterrestrictions, whichhindered its further development. 1 What is Chineselogic? Chinese logic refers to the logic in ancient China, or what we would call tradi- tionalChineselogic,whichwasstillfreefromtheinfluenceofAristotelianlogicthat was at thetimestillunknowninChina. ([5]) The mainstream Chinese logic was represented by the Mohist logic, which was based upon Mozi’s polemical thought and methods. However, Chinese logic also includes the logic and methods of various other philosophical schools and thinkers throughoutancientChina. ([5]) According to such an understanding, Chinese logic is very heterogeneous and can be divided into three categories: Mohist logic (Mo Jia Luo Ji 墨家逻辑), The logic of proper naming (Zheng Ming Luo Ji 正名逻辑