半导体量子点的合成表征及其应用的研究凝聚态物理专业论文.docxVIP

中文摘要摘要：近年来，由于量子尺寸效应和表面效应，半导体量子点已成为人们研 中文摘要 摘要：近年来，由于量子尺寸效应和表面效应，半导体量子点已成为人们研 究的热点。量子点是一种由II．VI族和III．V族元素组的纳米颗粒，它具有尺寸依赖 的电学和光学性能，在发光二极管，非性光学，太阳能电池，生命科学等领域有 广泛的应用。本文在水溶液中合成了高质量的半导体量子点，研究了以量子点作 为单独的发光层的电致发光器件，还讨论了量子点与牛血清白蛋白的偶联作用， 其结果简单摘要如下： 我们以巯基乙酸为稳定剂，在水相中合成了系列水溶性的CdSe量子点，也同 样用类似的方法合成了核壳结构的CdSe／CdS纳米晶体。这种方法简单、易操作， 其合成的纳米晶具有良好的发光特性。我们通过XPS、XRD、TEM对CdSe／CdS 的粒径尺寸、表面组分情况、晶体结构进行分析，通过紫外吸收光谱仪和荧光光 谱仪对了量子点进行了发光特性的分析． 我们通过加入一层量子点发光层制备了具有三层的聚合物．量子点发光器件， 讨论了纳米晶在光致发光和电致发光特性，发现了电致发光特性随着量子点层的 厚度的不同而改变。 最后我们研究了牛血清白蛋白与量子点的发光特性，最终证明了CdSe量子点 与牛血清白蛋白的偶联作用。 本论文中，图45个，参考文献81篇 关键词：量子点； 硒化镉； 发光； 生物标记 分类号：0469；0472+．3；0782+．1 ABSTRACTABSTRACT：In ABSTRACT ABSTRACT：In recent years，semiconductor quantum dots have been intensively investigated due to the quantum size effect and the surface effect．Quantum dots generally composed of II．VI and III．V elements exhibit strongly size dependent optical and electrical properties．High quality semiconductor nanoerystals have shown potential applications in thin film light．emitting devices，non-linear optical devices，solar cells and life science． In this thesis，high—quality semiconductor quantum dots were synthesized in aqueous solution．Electroluminescence device was investigated with quantum dots as light emitting layer．The coupling of this quantum dots with biomolecule—BSA was also discussed in this thesis．Results are summarized as follows： We synthesized a series of water-dispersible CdSe quantum dots by usmg mercaotoace=tic acid as the stabilizers．Core-shell CdSe／CdS nanoparticles Was also prepared by this methods．This method is simple and controllable，as-prepared CdSe／CdS quantum dots show good optical properties．Their size，shape，components， morphology and crystalline phase were characterized by XPS、XRD and TEM．UV二Ⅵs absorption spectroscopy,photoluminescence spectroscopy were employed to study the flouorescence characteristics． A trilayer hybrid polymer-quantum-dot light-emitting device was fabricated by sandwiching a quantum dots layer．We investigated