戴震诗经学研究中国古典文献学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要戴震身处乾嘉时期，当时考据之学蓬勃兴起，诗经宋学日趋式微，戴震治诗 摘要 戴震身处乾嘉时期，当时考据之学蓬勃兴起，诗经宋学日趋式微，戴震治诗 与当时学术背景密不可分。 戴震主要通过考证名物字义与探讨诗之意两个方面来研究《诗经》，戴震考 证名物字义方法多元化，所作考证颇为精辟，后来大多数治诗者均绕不开戴震 一些名物字义的考证。虽然考证名物字义为戴震说诗之重镇，但戴震并非弃诗 之意于不顾。戴震探讨诗之意时遵循“思无邪”宗旨，采用知人论世与以意逆志 等多种方法，与《孔子诗论》相较，戴震诗说瑕瑜互见。戴震治诗经历了一个相 当长的历程，通过将其未定稿《毛诗补传》与代表作《毛郑诗考正》以及识见稍 定之作《呆溪诗经补注》加以比较，可觇戴震治诗水平之进展以及治诗思想之异 同。 戴震具体说诗时既能吸取汉代诗学铺陈政教的思想，以美刺方式说诗；又能 接受宋代诗学之熏染，注重诗的文本语言，以诗说诗。无门户之见，对汉、宋诗 学均作了不同程度的继承与批判。虽重视《传》、《笺》之说，但戴震对此二者扬 抑相参，故其并非主毛或主郑。戴震在早期作品《毛诗补传》中对朱熹的淫诗说 屡作批判，既可见其根深蒂固的尊经意识，也可觇其早期并非朱熹的学术干城。 与《毛诗补传》相较，戴震在后期作品《果溪诗经补注》中对朱熹有明显重视。 可见戴震后期反对朱熹具有选择性，并非全面痛诋，由此可窥戴震实事求是的解 经思想。 戴震与惠栋均为乾嘉时期学术巨擘，将二者诗学相较可以发现，二者均有信 古思想，不过惠栋以古为尚，而戴震能冲破古之牢笼，以求是为鹄的。吴、皖之 分有其缘由所在，但此划分还有待于进一步说明或修订，这样才使吴、皖之分不 趋于一偏。 戴震诗学硕果累累，影响深远。由于历史的原因，戴震诗学也呈现出时代的 局限性，缺陷不克自掩。 关键词：方法思想吴皖之分比较 AbstractDai Abstract Dai Zhen lived in Qianjia period when the learning of textual reseatch became popular and the Song dynasty decline about The Book ofSongs became gradually weak．Dai Zhen’s stody of The Book ofSongs contacted closely with academic background at that time． Dai Zhan studied The Book ofSongs primarily in two terms th0SO wore textual research ofthe meaning of words and inquisition of the meaning of poems．The method of textual research is varied and the process ofthat is penetrating．ne great majority oflatecomers couldn’t avoid those fruits of his textual research．Although textual research of the meaning of werds is viewed the place of strategic importance by Dai Zhen,he didn’t give up the discussion of the meaning of poems．He abided by the aim of“pure ideology”and adopted“knowing persou through his／her generation’’and“striving for the feeling of the ancients throbgh his thoughts’’when he experienced rather long process in咖dy of确e Book of Songs．wb can find Dai Zhen’s important progress in the level of study and the same and the difference in the thoughts of study through comp撕ng his unfinished work Maoshibuzhuan with his representative werk Maozhengshikaozheng and his final version Gaoxishijingbuzhu．