放射性示踪法研究镍在大鼠体内的药动参数与镍镉联合制毒机理的研究化学化学工程与工艺专业论文.docxVIP

摘要本文用同位素示踪法研究了可溶解性氯化镍在大白鼠体内的吸收、残留及， 摘要 本文用同位素示踪法研究了可溶解性氯化镍在大白鼠体内的吸收、残留及， 排泄，实验显示；血药时间浓度曲线符合二房室开放模型，吸收速率常数砌 为6．18／h，分布相半衰期乃荆为0．79h，消除相半衰期乃俐为40．68h，清除速 率常数C￡为0．42mLkgh～，达峰时间T(peak)为0．53h，达峰浓度C(max)Yg 24987．75cpm／mL，表观容积分布喇为0．016L／Kg；镍吸收以后，排泄较快， 24h粪尿排出给药量的83．26％，其中经过尿液排出54．86％，经过粪便排出 28．41％。 同位素示踪法研究可溶性氯化镍不同时间在大鼠体内的分布残留，实验显 示：在连续灌胃63Ni．NiCl2溶液15d以后，在所取的22种组织中毛发、下丘脑、 脑垂体、小肠、结肠、胰腺等组织有较强的药物残留，心脏、肝脏、肾脏没有 发现特异残留。 同位素示踪法研究镉对镍在单性别雄鼠体内组织残留，以便对镍镉联合制 毒机理研究提供一些参考。实验结果显示：当雄性大鼠长期单纯的吸收镍时，． 除了对动物心血管组织没有影响之外，对其余组织的影响均较严重；当雄性大， 鼠长期接触低剂量的镍镉混合物时候，对机体的破环主要以镉中毒为主，镍只 对很少组织有影响；当接触高剂量的镍镉混合物时，镍和镉均对肌体有影响。露’ 关键词：63Ni．NiCl2；CdCl2；同位素示踪；液体闪烁计数法；药动参数； 吸收；分布；残留；排泄； AbstractThe Abstract The absorption distribution and excretion of 63Ni．NiCl2 in Rat were studied by using Liquid scintillation counting method，It was observed that the concentration-time curves in blood fitted the two dicompart-ment model of pharmacokinetics， Ka=6．18h，／1口㈣=0．79h，乃，2伊J=40．68h，CL=0．42ml_／(kg。h)， T(peak)---O．53h，C(max)=14．99MBq／L,明矽=0．016L／Kg．63Ni．NiCl2 Was existed in all 12 tissues tested；at 0．25h，radioactivity in intestine were the highest，and that in stomach and fattiness were higher；at 3h，liverstomach and intestine were hi}gher； the germen was the least；The liver and lung Was the higher at 24h．In 24h 83．26％of radioactivity of oral administration Was eliminated by urine and feces，54．86％by urine，28．41％by feces．After rats were treated by 63Ni．NiCl2 for 15days，in 22 tissues tested，the haJr,hypothalamus，hypothesis，pancreas，small and large intestines were higher,and the residual medicine of 63Ni．NiCl2 wasn’t discovered in liver,kidney and heart． Effects of CdCl2 on tissue residual medicine of 63Ni．NiCl2 in Rats has been studied by isotope tracer,the experiment showed that 63Ni．NiCl2 has been found in 19 tissues tested in whole 22 tissues after infusing irr stomach for 8d and lacking of food and water for 72h with 0mg／kg·bwCdCl2+8．76MBq／kg·bw63Ni．NiCl2；After the same method with 0．5mg／kgbwCdCl2+8．76MBq／kg·bw63Ni．NiCl2，the res