钢锭铸造过程宏观偏析数值模拟.PDF

第54 卷 第2 期 Vol.54 No.2 2018 年2 月 ACTA METALLURGICA SINICA Feb. 2018 钢锭铸造过程宏观偏析数值模拟 沈厚发 陈康欣 柳百成 (清华大学材料学院先进成形制造教育部重点实验室 北京 100084) 摘 要 本文以宏观偏析数学模型在钢锭铸造过程中的应用为主，阐明了宏观偏析的机理及影响因素，归纳了 已有的几类宏观偏析模型，介绍了近年来宏观偏析模型的新发展。还介绍了本课题组进行的大型钢锭宏观偏 析数值模拟研究工作，包括开发的多元多相宏观偏析数学模型在36 t 钢锭铸造中的应用，以及多包变成分合浇 工艺的数值模拟。对36 t 钢锭进行全截面解剖，结果表明，模拟结果与实测吻合较好，进而说明所开发的多元 多相宏观偏析模型能够较准确地预测钢锭中产生的宏观偏析。此外，模拟结果显示，多包变成分合浇工艺可 得到与凝固后实际偏析形式相反的初始溶质分布，这也证明了多包变成分合浇工艺在宏观偏析控制上的应用 能力。 关键词 钢锭，凝固，宏观偏析，数值模拟 中图分类号 TG261 文章编号 0412-1961(2018)02-0151-10 Numerical Simulation of Macrosegregation in Steel Ingot Casting SHEN Houfa, CHEN Kangxin, LIU Baicheng Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials Processing Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Correspondent: SHEN Houfa, professor, Tel: (010 E-mail: shen@tsinghua.edu.cn Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China-Liaoning Joint Fund (No.U1508215) Manuscript received 2017-10-16, in revised form 2017-11-16 ABSTRACT Many key forging components of heavy equipment are manufactured by large steel ingots. Macrosegregation in steel ingots is a key defect formed during the solidification process. Over the past few decades, numerical modeling has played a more and more important role in the study of mac- rosegregation. Various models have been developed and applied to different ingot casting processes. This paper focused