草木灰浸取提钾研究化学工程专业论文.docxVIP

摘 摘 要 草木灰富含元素钾，提取其中的钾元素作为钾肥使用，可以有效减少我国钾 肥进口数量。伴随着鲤前秩秆发电厂的兴建，提取秸秆燃烧后草木灰中丰富的生 物钾资源受到越来越广泛的重视。 本课题开展苹木灰浸取试验研究，对浸取革木灰提取钾索的工艺条件进行探 讨，研究工艺条件(浸取时间、浸取温度、草木灰粒径等因素)对钾素提取率的 影响，优化浸取参数，提高提钾取率。 试验发现搅拌转速，草木灰粒径，灰水质量比及浸取温度等对钾的浸取率及 浸取速度有明显影响。加大搅拌转速能强化外扩散加快K+浸出速率，当转速高于 500r／min时，浸取过程符合Avrami模型，浸取的表观活化能约为10．04 kJ／mol，外 扩敖影响不明显，浸取过程为内扩数控制。灰水质量比越小K+浸出速率越快，浸 取率越高，K+相对损失少，但是浸取液K+浓度降低。浸取温度越高，浸取粒径 越小，C浸出速率越快，浸取率越惠。 对主要影响因素进行正交实验，各因素对提钾率影响的显著程度顺序为：搅 拌转速草木灰粒径浸取温度浸取时间灰水质量比；优化工艺条件为浸取时 间60min，搅拌转速400r／min，草木灰粒径50谣以下，浸取湓度进一步提高至8 99℃及1：2的灰水质量下，三次浸取提钾率达到93．82％，浸取液钾素的浓度为 3．94％(以K20计的质量分数)。 用海水作为浸取荆时，浸取液中KCl含量增加，K2C03含量减少，K2S04含量 不变，与淡水做浸取剡相比经济效益降低，且钠盐的引入会增加三种钾盐的分离 难度。 关键词：秸秆革本灰浸取生物钾 AB AB STRACT 髓e plant ash is rich in potassium．Leaching of potassium elements from plant ash as the potash fertilizer call effectively reduce the importing quantities of potash fertilizer in our country．Witll currently enormous construction of the straw power generation，leaching of abundant biotic potassium in the plant ash is catching more and more attention。 The experiment of leaching potassium from plant ash was studied in this paper． 硒o technical conditions were explored．强e effect of technical conditions such as leaching time,leaching temperature and the particle diameter of plant ash on the recovery rate of potassium was investigated tO find out the optimal conditions and increase the recovery rate ofpotassium． 弧e experiments demonstrated that the stirring rate，particle diameter ofplant ash， the mass ratio of ash-water and the leaching temperature had a significantly effect on leaching speed and recovery rate．The recovery rate was increased with the speedup of the stirring rate．When the stirring rate Was above 500 rpm，the leaching process agreed well with the Avrami model。弧e apparent activation energy was 1 0。04 kJ／mol indicated that the leaching process was controlled by the internal diffusion．The leaching speed of potassium ion increased with the decrease of the mass ratio of ash—water,at the same time the relati