极端情绪对风险决策的影响研究.pdf

极端情绪对风险决策的影响研究 极端情绪对风险决策的影响研究 摘 要 本研究通过设计三种情绪情境，观察被试在不同情境下的风险决策，进而探 讨情绪对风险决策的影响。实验采用单因素被试间设计。实验前，让被试给100 张情绪图片进行评分，分值范围为-9至9分，实验结果共采用69张图片，其中 积极情绪图片26张，消极情绪图片23张，中性图片20张。实验严格控制实验 前情绪、风险偏好两个额外变量，以风险情景问题为决策任务。研究表明：（1） 男性比女性更趋向于冒险，情绪波动下女性比男性变得更不理性；（2）个体在不 同的情绪状态下，风险偏好对风险决策的影响不显著，验证了Simon“有限理性 决策人”的假设。 [关键词]：性别；情绪；风险决策 I 极端情绪对风险决策的影响研究 Abstract By creating three emotion situations, this experiment aims to observe the risk decision inclination of the subjects in different designed emotion situations so as to discuss the influence of emotion upon the risk decision making. This experiment adopts the between-subjects design. Before the experiment, the subjects are asked to give a mark respectively to 100 emotion pictures. The score is from -9 to 9. At the end of the experiment, 69 pictures are chosen as effective pictures. Among them, 26 are of positive emotion, 23 are of negative emotion and another 20 are neutral. The experimenter controls two extraneous variables strictly-the emotion of the subjects before experiment and the risk preference and makes the problem of risk situation as the decision task. The study shows that the male are more likely to take risk than the female and the female are more irrational than the male when they are both in emotional disturbance. Besides, risk preference has little impact on risk decision when the individuals are in different states of mood. This proves the hypothesis of the bounded rationality decision-making by Simon. [Key Words] ：Gender; Emotion; Risk decision-making