吸烟与心血管疾病.pptVIP

* Key Point Smoking cessation is associated with an improvement in hemodynamic parameters. Oren et al performed an open-label study in which 60 chronic smokers (20 cigarettes a day for more than 10 years) were treated for 2 months with bupropion (300 mg/d) and participated in behavioral therapy. Complete physical exam was performed at baseline. At the 6-month follow-up, 23 participants remained nonsmokers. Repeat physical exam demonstrated significant reductions in mean arterial pressure from 90?10.7 to87?11.6 mm Hg (P.05), and in heart rate from 76?10 to 72?10 (P.05), as well as improvement in arterial compliance (as demonstrated in the next slide). Reference Oren S, Isakov I, Golzman B, et al. The influence of smoking cessation on hemodynamics and arterial compliance. Angiology. 2006;57(5):564-568. * Key Point The health benefits of quitting smoking start immediately and are sustained such that 15 years after quitting smoking, the coronary heart disease risk of a former smoker is equal to that of a nonsmoker. Background When gauging the health benefits from smoking cessation one is encouraged to assess both the short-term and long-term improvements. Within 2 weeks to 3 months lung function may begin to improve and there may be notable decreases in coughing, sinus congestion, fatigue and shortness of breath. Around the year mark, coronary heart disease risk, the leading cause of death in the United States, improves with smoking cessation to a point where excess risk is reduced by 50% and continues to decline thereafter. Within the 5-15 year range, the risk of stroke for smoking cessators returns to the level of a person who has never smoked. Other potential long-term benefits include: the risk of lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer death in the United States, declines steadily after smoking cessation; and by 10 years after cessation, the risk of lung cancer is 30-50% that of continuing smokers. And beyond this, smoking cessation may also reduce