自由流速度变化下快速路路网性能变化研究-计算机工程与应用.PDF

234 2015 ，51（20 ） Computer Engineering and Applications 计算机工程与应用 自由流速度变化下快速路路网性能变化研究 张皓东，何胜学，王 芳 ZHANG Haodong, HE Shengxue, WANG Fang 上海理工大学 管理学院，上海 200093 Business School, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China ZHANG Haodong, HE Shengxue, WANG Fang. Network performance research of expressway when free-flow speed changes. Computer Engineering and Applications, 2015, 51 （20 ）：234-239. Abstract ：Based on the classical cell transmission model, this paper constructs the cell transmission model about express- way by not controlling the up-ramp and down-ramp. And this paper goes on the simulation of urban expressway on the basis of the model algorithm and analyzes the relationship between the generalized road network capacity or narrow road net- work capacity and total system delay. The simulation result shows that urban expressway delay decreases first and then increases, while the generalized road network capacity and the narrow road network capacity first increase and then decrease as the free-flow speed increases. The minimum delay value corresponds with the peak of the road network capacity. The result also shows that it has the same aspects with the faster the more congestion in urban expressway in certain conditions. Key words ：Cell Transmission Model（CTM ）; expressway; delay; network capacity; numerical simulation 摘 要：在经典元胞传输模型的基础上，采用上下匝道无控制策略构建快速路元胞传输模型。依据模型算法对城市 快速路进行仿真，分析广义路网容量和狭义路网容量与系统总延误之间的关系。仿真结果表明：在自由流速度逐渐 增大情况下，城市快速路总延误先减小后增大，而广义路网容和狭义路网容量都是先增大后减小，总延误谷值与路 网容量峰值相对应。确定该结论在一定条件下与城市快速路越快越堵悖论具有一致性。 关键词：元胞传输模型；快速路；延误；路网容量；数值模拟 文献标志码：A 中图分类号：U411 doi ：10.3778/j.issn. 1002-8331.1410-0354 1 引言 定了自由流速度值的变动，由此这可以成为一个合理且 自由流速度是指不受上下游条件影响的交通流运 强有力的基础假设。但就目前而言，只有很少的研究是 行速度。交通流的理论速度是交通密度趋于零时的速 关于自由流速度对快速路路网性能造成的影响。人们 度，亦即几乎没有车辆时的速度。自由流速度除了受道 不禁会想：随着自由流速度增大，快速路运行会变得越 路与交通条件的影响，还与车辆的动力性能和驾驶员的 来越顺